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X-WR-CALNAME:Migration, Unequal Citizens, and Critical Legal Studies
X-ORIGINAL-URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms
X-WR-CALDESC:Events for Migration, Unequal Citizens, and Critical Legal Studies
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TZID:Asia/Shanghai
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TZOFFSETFROM:+0800
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DTSTART:20180101T000000
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20260322T130000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20260322T170000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025335
CREATED:20260310T024119Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260310T024229Z
UID:55141-1774184400-1774198800@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:《泰國台商人權影響調查報告》發表論壇
DESCRIPTION:【報名】《泰國台商人權影響調查報告》發表論壇\n時間：2026年3月22日（日），13:00-17:00\n地點：東吳大學城中校區（台北市中正區貴陽街一段56號）菁英講堂（第五大樓5216室）\n主辦：台灣跨國企業監察網絡、東吳大學人權學程、東吳大學張佛泉人權研究中心 \n全球化生產模式下，來自先進國家的企業為降低產品製造成本，赴後進國家採購或設廠。而在後進國家的勞動、環境管制通常較為寬鬆，且有些地方由威權政府統治、壓抑公民權利的情況下，當跨國企業在海外的工廠及供應商，以壓榨勞工、破壞環境的方式來「成本最小化」時，受害者往往很難於當地獲得救濟。針對此一狀況，國際上近年由聯合國帶頭提倡「企業與人權」政策，推動各國政府、企業採行，來保障全球供應鏈上的勞動人權與環境正義。 \n台灣，當然沒有外於上述趨勢。1991年，台灣在全球資本主義體系裡，從後進生產基地晉升資本輸出國，對外投資金額首度超出國外來台投資。相應，台灣企業在海外的人權侵害也不時發生，成為引起國際關注的問題。1993到2022年，中國（含香港）長期是台灣對外投資金額最高的地點。2023年起，由於國際政治局勢變動，東南亞各國合計超越中港，接收了最多來自台灣的投資。因應這樣的變化，台灣跨國企業監察網絡於2024年發表《印尼台商人權與環境影響報告》，揭露台灣企業在印尼生產的勞動違規與環境破壞，要求業者改進、政府規範。本次論壇，則將發表《泰國台商人權影響調查報告》，繼印尼之後持續、擴大監督台灣企業在東南亞的人權表現。 \n面對台商在海外的負面人權紀錄，台灣政府並非毫無反應。2020年，行政院公佈《臺灣企業與人權國家行動計畫》，表示將推動「跨國投資行政管理」與「域外司法管轄」，「以確保企業海外投資行為不違反國際人權規範」，並就「在國外進行工商業活動之我國企業或我國企業具控制權的跨國企業有侵害外國人權或環境之行為……提供被害人有效之救濟管道。」而在經過一年多的延宕後，原本按行政院承諾，應於2024年底公佈的新版計畫，據悉終於要在近期面世。另外，還將搭配提出《臺灣企業供應鏈尊重人權方案》，要求企業實施「人權盡職調查」，辨識供應鏈上的人權風險來預防侵害，並在侵害不幸發生時予以救濟。從這兩份指標性的政策文件切入，本次論壇也將由公民社會的觀點，檢視台灣政府的「企業與人權」政策並提出期許、建議。 \n以上資訊轉載自: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdhome55eGFpRueAVMWUQLuaF4YTwthH8ubcjR-pFSPUNeCuA/viewform?fbclid=IwY2xjawQcYyJleHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFjUVFBS0tYT3AyVDc0UGp3c3J0YwZhcHBfaWQQMjIyMDM5MTc4ODIwMDg5MgABHi3mIbw3CBnGLcI4L9ffzIvNMadG93A9SXh7Eobk68sfFQW81JdZP9_Qn0Yw_aem__9fFPqrETKHu2iLPcF-pnA
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/%e3%80%8a%e6%b3%b0%e5%9c%8b%e5%8f%b0%e5%95%86%e4%ba%ba%e6%ac%8a%e5%bd%b1%e9%9f%bf%e8%aa%bf%e6%9f%a5%e5%a0%b1%e5%91%8a%e3%80%8b%e7%99%bc%e8%a1%a8%e8%ab%96%e5%a3%87/
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20260322T130000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20260322T170000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025335
CREATED:20260310T023804Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260310T023804Z
UID:55138-1774184400-1774198800@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Forum on the Release of the “Human Rights Impact Investigation Report on Taiwanese Businesses in Thailand”
DESCRIPTION:[Registration] Forum on the Release of the “Human Rights Impact Investigation Report on Taiwanese Businesses in Thailand” \nDate & Time: March 22\, 2026 (Sunday)\, 13:00–17:00Venue: Elite Lecture Hall (Room 5216\, Building 5)\, Soochow University Cheng-Chung Campus(No. 56\, Sec. 1\, Guiyang St.\, Zhongzheng District\, Taipei)Organizers: Taiwan Transnational Corporations Watch (TTNC Watch)\, Soochow University Human Rights Program\, Chang Fo-Chuan Center for the Study of Human Rights\, Soochow University \nUnder the globalized production model\, companies from developed economies often procure goods or establish factories in developing countries in order to reduce manufacturing costs. In many of these host countries\, labor and environmental regulations tend to be less stringent. In some cases\, authoritarian governments suppress civil liberties\, further weakening protections for workers and communities. When multinational enterprises minimize costs by exploiting labor or damaging the environment within overseas factories or supply chains\, victims frequently face significant obstacles in seeking remedies locally. \nIn response to these challenges\, the international community—led by the United Nations—has in recent years promoted the Business and Human Rights agenda\, encouraging governments and corporations to adopt policies that safeguard labor rights and environmental justice across global supply chains. \nTaiwan is no exception to these global trends. In 1991\, Taiwan transitioned within the global capitalist system from a production base to a capital-exporting economy\, with outward investment exceeding inbound foreign investment for the first time. As a result\, human rights abuses involving Taiwanese enterprises abroad have occasionally emerged\, drawing international concern. From 1993 to 2022\, China (including Hong Kong) remained the primary destination for Taiwanese overseas investment. However\, since 2023\, due to shifts in international political dynamics\, Southeast Asian countries collectively have surpassed China and Hong Kong as the largest recipients of Taiwanese investment. \nIn response to these developments\, Taiwan Transnational Corporations Watch published the “Human Rights and Environmental Impact Report on Taiwanese Businesses in Indonesia” in 2024\, exposing labor violations and environmental damage associated with Taiwanese enterprises operating in Indonesia\, and calling upon corporations to improve their practices and the government to strengthen regulatory oversight. This forum will present the “Human Rights Impact Investigation Report on Taiwanese Businesses in Thailand\,” continuing and expanding civil society’s efforts—following the Indonesia report—to monitor the human rights performance of Taiwanese enterprises in Southeast Asia. \nFaced with negative human rights records involving Taiwanese businesses overseas\, the Taiwanese government has not remained entirely passive. In 2020\, the Executive Yuan released the “Taiwan National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights\,” committing to promote administrative management of transnational investment and extraterritorial jurisdiction in order to ensure that Taiwanese enterprises’ overseas investments do not violate international human rights norms. The plan also emphasizes providing effective remedies for victims in cases where Taiwanese companies or Taiwanese-controlled multinational enterprises engage in activities abroad that infringe upon human rights or damage the environment. \nAfter more than a year of delay\, the revised version of the Action Plan—originally promised by the Executive Yuan to be released by the end of 2024—is reportedly expected to be published soon. In addition\, the government plans to introduce the “Taiwan Corporate Supply Chain Human Rights Due Diligence Initiative\,” which will require enterprises to implement human rights due diligence to identify and prevent human rights risks within their supply chains and to provide remedies when violations occur. \nTaking these two landmark policy initiatives as points of departure\, this forum will also examine Taiwan’s Business and Human Rights policies from a civil society perspective\, offering expectations and recommendations for future improvements. \nInformation source:https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdhome55eGFpRueAVMWUQLuaF4YTwthH8ubcjR-pFSPUNeCuA/viewform?fbclid=IwY2xjawQcYg5leHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFjUVFBS0tYT3AyVDc0UGp3c3J0YwZhcHBfaWQQMjIyMDM5MTc4ODIwMDg5MgABHg6UKDQomKgr6v9k86sOFyabHO8jUDxmAgnrn-pc5p8DQVuKiBci5xAwq2nD_aem_66MdhrIyANdYkKd0ktLF7g&pli=1
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/forum-on-the-release-of-the-human-rights-impact-investigation-report-on-taiwanese-businesses-in-thailand/
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20251210T130000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20251210T160000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025335
CREATED:20260223T043230Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260223T050641Z
UID:55125-1765371600-1765382400@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Supply Chain and Forced Labor Workshop: Policy Developments to Eliminate Forced Labor: A Legal Dialogue among Taiwan\, the United States\, and Thailand
DESCRIPTION:Supply Chain and Forced Labor Workshop: Policy Developments to Eliminate Forced Labor: A Legal Dialogue among Taiwan\, the United States\, and Thailand\n📆 Date: December\, 10\, 2025 \n⏰ Time: 13:10–16:00 (Taipei Time) \n Venue: Room MB1069\, Management Building III\, Guangfu Campus\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University（In-person session in English）\, with simultaneous online interpretation（in Chinese） \n Organizers: International Center for Cultural Studies; School of Law\, National Taipei University; School of Law\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University; Sub-Project III: Migration\, Unequal Citizenship\, and Critical Legal Studies \n\n 側記：網址
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/supply-chain-and-forced-labor-workshop-policy-developments-to-eliminate-forced-labor-a-legal-dialogue-among-taiwan-the-united-states-and-thailand/
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20251210T130000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20251210T160000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025335
CREATED:20260223T041210Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260223T050602Z
UID:55122-1765371600-1765382400@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:供應鏈與強迫勞動工作坊：消除強迫勞動之政策發展：臺灣、美國與泰國法制對話
DESCRIPTION:供應鏈與強迫勞動工作坊：消除強迫勞動之政策發展：臺灣、美國與泰國法制對話\n\n📆日期： 2025年12月10日 \n⏰時間： 13:10~16:00（台北時間） \n 地點：陽明交通大學光復校區管理二館MB1063教室（英文實體），以及同步線上（中文口譯） \n 主辦單位：國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心 （ICCS）、國立台北大學法律學院、國立陽明交通大學科技法律學院、子計畫三「遷移、不平等公民、批判法律研究」 \n\n 側記：網站
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/%e6%b6%88%e9%99%a4%e5%bc%b7%e8%bf%ab%e5%8b%9e%e5%8b%95%e4%b9%8b%e6%94%bf%e7%ad%96%e7%99%bc%e5%b1%95%ef%bc%9a%e8%87%ba%e7%81%a3%e3%80%81%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e8%88%87%e6%b3%b0%e5%9c%8b%e6%b3%95%e5%88%b6/
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20251207T123000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20251207T123000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025335
CREATED:20251201T034129Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20251201T034142Z
UID:55103-1765110600-1765110600@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:廢除工作年限-移工大遊行
DESCRIPTION:廢除工作年限-移工大遊行\n中英印越泰各語言路線圖\n\n\n集結時間：2025年12月07日(日)\n下午12:30集合 13:30出發\n集結地點：勞動部(台北市中山區松江路207號)\n遊行終點：立法院(台北市中正區中山南路1號)\n\n\n遊行路線：\n松江路→民生東路迴轉→松江路→南京東路→林森南路→濟南路→中山南路\n\n\n\n\n\n藍領移工在台灣 #工作年限為12年，許多屆滿年限的移工雖然想繼續留台工作，卻因為年限到了只能無奈離境。\n\n\n近年，政府提出了 #中階聘僱制度，希望吸引技術熟練的勞工留台，但是否留任並協助移工申請中階，#決定權全在於雇主，移工為了留下來，往往只能接受更多不利條件，面對更多被仲介雇主剝削的風險。\n\n\n在工作年限的限制下，#移工就像免洗筷般用完即丟，將最好的青春年華與勞動力奉獻給了台灣社會，我們卻幾乎不需要承擔他們老年的退休保障或照顧，這是赤裸的不公平。\n\n\n今年的我們要主張：\n所有藍領移工，都應該和其他外國勞動者一樣，不受台灣工作年限限制，能自主決定想在台灣工作多久！\n\n\n誠摯地邀請大家，12月7日一起上街，要求廢除藍領移工的工作年限！
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/%e5%bb%a2%e9%99%a4%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e5%b9%b4%e9%99%90-%e7%a7%bb%e5%b7%a5%e5%a4%a7%e9%81%8a%e8%a1%8c/
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/海報.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20251207T123000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20251207T123000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025335
CREATED:20251201T032256Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20251201T033515Z
UID:55097-1765110600-1765110600@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Abolish the work-year limit ! Migrant Workers Rally
DESCRIPTION:Abolish the work-year limit !\nHapus batas masa kerja\nยกเลิกการจำกัดอายุงาน\nXoá bỏ giới hạn làm việc\n\n\n#AbolishTheWorkYearLimit !\nJOIN 2025 Migrants workers Rally\n\n\nAssembly Time: Sunday\, December 7\, 2025\nat 12:30 PM\, March starts at 1:30 PM\nAssembly Location: Ministry of Labor\n(No. 207\, Songjiang Road\, Zhongshan District\, Taipei City)\n\n\nMarch Ending Point: Legislative Yuan\n(No. 1\, Zhongshan South Road\, Zhongzheng District\, Taipei City)\n\n\nMarch Route:\nSongjiang Rd → Minsheng E. Rd (U-turn) → Songjiang Rd → Nanjing E. Rd → Linsen S. Rd → Jinan Rd → Zhongshan S. Rd\n\n\n\n\n\nIn Taiwan\, blue-collar migrant workers are restricted by a 12-year employment limit. Many who wish to continue working here are forced to leave once they reach that limit\, even if they want to stay.\n\n\nIn recent years\, the government introduced the Foreign Intermediate Skilled Workforce Program\, hoping to retain experienced workers. However\, the power to decide whether a worker may stay and apply for intermediate skilled status rests entirely with the employer. As a result\, migrant workers who wish to remain in Taiwan often have no choice but to accept poor conditions and face an even higher risk of exploitation by brokers and employers.\n\n\nUnder the work-year restrictions\, migrant workers are treated like disposable chopsticks — used and discarded. They devote their best years to Taiwan\, yet our society bears almost no responsibility for their retirement security or later-life care. It is blatant injustice.\n\n\nThis year\, we are calling for: All blue-collar migrant workers should be treated the same as other foreign workers — free from work-year limit\, and able to decide for themselves how long they want to stay and work here.\n\n\nWe sincerely invite everyone to join us on 7 December\, to take to the streets and demand the abolition of the work-year limit for blue-collar migrant workers!\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n 
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/abolish-the-work-year-limit-migrant-workers-rally/
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20250811T080000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20251231T170000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025335
CREATED:20250811T124008Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20260223T040304Z
UID:55085-1754899200-1767200400@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Public Statement on the You-Fu Fishing Human Trafficking Criminal Case Dukungan atas Pernyataan Publik terkait Kasus Perdagangan Manusia di Kapal You-Fu
DESCRIPTION:Waiting for Justice:\nTaiwan’s Failure to Prosecute the You-Fu Human Trafficking Case Does Not Meet International Legal Standards\n\n\nTaipei\, 11 August 2025 \nAbout the You-Fu Criminal Case\nIn August 2024\, the prolonged withholding of wages of 10 Indonesian fishers onboard the Taiwanese-flagged distant-water fishing vessel You-Fu came to light when Taiwanese civil society organisations and lawmakers held a press conference revealing that the fishers had been working without pay for 15 months. The fishers were owed a total of USD 80\,850 (about TWD 2.64 million) in unpaid wages. \nAfter the press conference\, the vessel owners of You-Fu paid the withheld wages and additionally provided each fisher with about USD 60 (TWD 2\,000). Subsequent investigation by Taiwan’s Ministry of Justice Investigation Bureau (Kaohsiung City) identified eight members of the Indonesian crew as victims of human trafficking. As victims of human trafficking\, they were granted the right to temporary residency in Taiwan. Since September 2025\, most victims have remained and are sheltered in Taiwan. \nFollowing the Ministry of Justice Investigation Bureau’s report\, the Pingtung District Prosecutors Office initiated a criminal investigation against the vessel owners for violating provisions in Taiwan’s Human Trafficking Prevention Act regarding the exploitation of another person’s labour (勞力剝削罪) (Article. 31\, Paragraphs 1-2) and the crime of obtaining financial gain by fraud under Article 339\, Paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code (詐欺取財罪). \nIn June 2025\, civil society received information that the Pingtung District Prosecutors Office had decided to not lodge a criminal lawsuit against the vessel owners\, on the basis that the local prosecutors found no objective evidence that the Indonesian fishers were engaged in labour where their remuneration was disproportionate (勞動與報酬顯不相當)\, thus not meeting the threshold to constitute a human trafficking offense. \nAccording to the paperwork and information received by supporting civil society organisations\, local prosecutors decided to not charge the employers and lodge a criminal lawsuit at the district court on 21 April 2025. This prosecutorial decision\, however\, was not communicated to the Indonesian fishers by the time the supporting civil society organisations became aware of the decision of non-prosecution. By then\, the 10-day period for filing an appeal had already passed. \nWe\, the undersigned.\nWe\, a group of Taiwanese legal scholars and civil society practitioners with years of experience on business and human rights\, are disappointed in the decision of the Pingtung District prosecutors. We regret the deep knowledge gap between what is internationally understood to be the crimes of forced labour and human trafficking versus an out-dated and unrealistic judicial understanding of what constitutes the worst of human exploitation\, falling drastically short of international standards. \nThe failure of the prosecutors to charge the offenders and proceed with a criminal lawsuit is a missed opportunity for Taiwan to protect victims of forced labour\, and prevent similar future abuses. For the Indonesian fishers onboard You-Fu whom judicial authorities have already determined to be victims of human trafficking\, the failure to proceed on a criminal prosecution is justice denied. It potentially has a negative impact on the human rights reputation of the distant-water fishing sector\, the government and the supply chains of Taiwan\, where notable progress on business and human rights have taken place in recent years. \nWe believe the Pingtung District Prosecutors Office’s decision not to prosecute is a grave mistake. It fails to protect victims of forced labour in Taiwan and does not deter similar incidents from occurring. Our reasons are as follows: \n(1) Prosecutors misaligned with international law on what constitutes work without voluntary consent\nThe International Labour Organization (ILO) defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily.” There are two key elements in this international definition: the use of coercion (menace of penalty) and the lack of voluntary consent from the worker. \nThe prosecutor’s determination of no evidence to support the charge of human trafficking was made largely based on the fishers’ reportedly having given verbal consent to only receive their wage after docking at port after 15 months at sea\, and they also voluntarily surrendered their passports to the vessel owner for safekeeping. \nThese conditions clearly constitute unfair working conditions and disregard the migrant fishers’ position of vulnerability. Consent must be informed and not obtained under deception and coercion. It is important to note that the legal understanding of coercion extends beyond the use or threats of force to other forms of coercion\, such as “fraud\, of deception\, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability” (UN Protocol to Prevent\, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons\, Especially Women and Children\, Article 3(a)). \nNo one can consent to work in exploitation. Article 4 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states\, without exception\, that “No one shall be held in slavery or servitude.” \nThe International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) further affirms the fundamental prohibition against slavery\, servitude and forced or compulsory labour. In 2009\, Taiwan enacted legislation to incorporate both the ICCPR and the International Covenant on Economic\, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) into Taiwan’s domestic law. Importantly\, this gives both Covenants the same legal status as Taiwan’s national laws. All government authorities\, including the judiciary\, are obligated to uphold the provisions of the ICCPR\, including its prohibition of slavery\, servitude and forced labour\, with the same force and authority as any domestic law. \nEven if the fisher agrees to the work\, if that agreement is shaped by coercion\, deception or misinformation\, then the supposed initial consent cannot be used to justify and validate the labour exploitation. In the You-Fu case\, there is no dispute that the fishers were not paid their wage for 15 months. We believe the local prosecutors had failed to properly investigate the fishers’ disadvantaged position of vulnerability in the employment relationship\, where they were unable to seek help due to them working at sea. \n(2) Even if consent can be taken into account in this case of prolonged wage withholding\, the terms of payment violate the Taiwanese employment contract.\nThe vessel owners stipulated in the labour contract that wages for the fishers would be paid every six months. However\, the Pingtung District Prosecutors Office declined to pursue human trafficking charges against the vessel owners based on claims that the fishers had verbally consented to delay payment until the vessel docked\, after 15 months at sea. \nEven though the withheld wages were eventually paid (with an additional TWD 2\,000) in August 2024\, the terms of payment diverged significantly from the original Taiwanese labour contract. This prolonged withholding of wages (長期扣留薪資) left fishers’ families without meaningful income for over a year. One report highlighted the extent of hardship: one fisher’s family was forced to mortgage their home to cover medical expenses due to the lack of received remittances over 15 months. Under such conditions\, it is questionable whether any fisher would voluntarily agree\, with full and informed consent\, to wait 15 months until the vessel docks to receive their wage. \nThis situation is a clear case of prolonged withholding of wages\, one of the indicators of forced labour as established by the International Labour Organization (ILO) and Taiwan Labor Standard Act\, Article 23\, that wage shall be paid on a regular basis. \nIt also constitutes a violation of Articles 22\, 23 and 27 of Taiwan’s Labor Standards Act\, which stipulates that wages must be paid directly to workers in full and be paid on time\, indicating that this case not only fails to comply with forced labour under international human rights law\, but also a breach of Taiwan’s fundamental labour laws. \n(3) Local prosecutors failed to properly investigate fishers’ working conditions to establish labour exploitation; instead\, prosecutors relied on a formulaic and superficial view of labour abuses as mainly wage disputes.\nThe fishers onboard You-Fu were subjected to intensive\, high-pressure operations\, often working extended hours depending on fishing conditions\, yet they did not receive corresponding overtime pay. The labour they provided was not proportional to the compensation they received. \nIn fact\, overtime and remuneration pay in the distant-water fishing sector is a structural issue that is chronically overlooked by the Ministry of Labor and the Fisheries Agency\, and even the prosecutors\, who fail to recognise the fishers were engaged in work for which the labour provided was disproportionate to the compensation they had received\, particularly with regard to overtime. Despite this\, local prosecutors failed to properly investigate other important indicators of forced labour\, such as the abuse of the fishers’ vulnerability\, deception\, withholding of wages\, and abusive working and living conditions. These are indicators of forced labour as identified by the ILO. \nDespite this\, local prosecutors failed to properly investigate other important indicators of forced labour\, such as the abuse of the fishers’ vulnerability\, deception\, withholding of wages\, and abusive working and living conditions. These are indicators of forced labour as identified by the ILO. \nWithout a proper inquiry and investigation\, the local prosecutors prematurely and erroneously concluded that no criminal charge could be brought under Taiwan’s Human Trafficking Prevention Act. This is a significant oversight that will not only affect the search for justice for the fishers onboard the You-Fu vessel\, but also grossly undermines the development of jurisprudence in human trafficking cases within Taiwan that is properly aligned with international law. \nSupporting Scholars\, Practitioners and Organisations (reflecting ordering in the original Chinese statement)\n\nProf. Yu-Fan Chiu (Associate Professor\, School of Law\, and Research Fellow\, International Center for Cultural Studies (ICCS)\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University)\nDr Bonny Ling (Visiting Professor\, School of Law\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University; and Senior Non-Resident Fellow\, Taiwan Research Hub at the University of Nottingham)\nDr Ya-Wen Yang (Assistant Research Professor\, Institutum Iurisprudentiae\, Academia Sinica)\n\nOrganisations\n\nTaiwan Association for Human Rights (TAHR)\nTaiwan Labour Front (TLF)\nServe the People Association (SPA)\nInternational Center for Cultural Studies (ICCS)\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU)\nWork Better Innovations\n\nFull Statement Download\nEnglish\nBahasa Indonesia\nMandarin (Traditional Chinese)\nMedia Cards Download\nEnglish\nBahasa Indonesia\nMandarin (Traditional Chinese)\nIndividual and Organization Sign-On\nSign-On Form\nMain Website\nEnglish\nBahasa Indonesia\nMandarin (Traditional Chinese)
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/public-statement-on-the-you-fu-fishing-human-trafficking-criminal-case-dukungan-atas-pernyataan-publik-terkait-kasus-perdagangan-manusia-di-kapal-you-fu/
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20250430T133000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20250430T174000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025335
CREATED:20250702T035736Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20250721T052150Z
UID:54985-1746019800-1746034800@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Academic Symposium: Anniversary of the Human Trafficking Prevention Act Amendment & the Prohibition of Forced Labor
DESCRIPTION:學術研討會：人口販運防制法修法週年與強迫勞動禁止學術研討會\n\n**本次活動亦將在線上進行** \n📆日期： 2025年4月30日，星期三 \n⏰時間： 13:00~17:40（台北時間） \n Webex 存取連結： Webex 會議鏈接 \n 地點：光複校區NYCU R104 HC Building3；英語線上同聲傳譯 \n 主辦單位：國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心、國立陽明交通大學科技法律學院（ICCS） \n\n 協辦單位：台灣人權促進會、台灣勞工陣線、Work Better Innovations \n 側記：網站
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/academic-symposium-anniversary-of-the-human-trafficking-prevention-act-amendment-the-prohibition-of-forced-labor-2/
LOCATION:Guangfu Campus\, NYCU R104\, HC Building3
CATEGORIES:Symposium
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20250430T133000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20250430T174000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025335
CREATED:20250428T070133Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20250702T035322Z
UID:54945-1746019800-1746034800@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Academic Symposium: Anniversary of the Human Trafficking Prevention Act Amendment & the Prohibition of Forced Labor
DESCRIPTION:Academic Symposium: Anniversary of the Human Trafficking Prevention Act Amendment & the Prohibition of Forced Labor\n\n**This event will be also conducted online** \n📆 Date: Wednesday\, April 30\, 2025 \n⏰ Time: 13:00–17:40 (Taipei Time) \n Webex access link: Webex meeting link \n Venue: Guangfu Campus\, NYCU R104\, HC Building3；Online Simultaneous interpretation in English \n Organizers: International Center for Cultural Studies 文化研究國際中心 International Center for Cultural Studies、NYCU Law 國立陽明交通大學科技法律學院&科技法律研究所 \n\n Co-organizers: Taiwan Association for Human Rights、Taiwan Labour Front、Work Better Innovations \n 側記：網址
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/academic-symposium-anniversary-of-the-human-trafficking-prevention-act-amendment-the-prohibition-of-forced-labor/
LOCATION:Guangfu Campus\, NYCU R104\, HC Building3
CATEGORIES:Symposium
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20250117T140000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20250117T163000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20250113T042716Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20250113T042737Z
UID:54902-1737122400-1737131400@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Online Forum: China\, BRI and Implications on Digital Governance\, Authoritarianism and Future of Human Rights
DESCRIPTION:🗓️ Date: 2025-01-17 \n⏰ Time: 14:00 – 16:30 (Taipei Time) \n📌 Join the Meeting via link: Zoom Meeting \n📌 Zoom Meeting ID: 839 1373 0956 / Password: 195743 \nForum Language: English \nModerator: Dolma Tsering (Postdoctoral researcher\, International Center for Cultural Studies\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University) \n\n✨About the Forum \nThe rapid evolution of digital technologies and connectivity\, coupled with a new industrial revolution\, has reshaped the societal landscape and geopolitical dynamics of major powers. Data is now regarded as the ‘new gold’\, whilst control over critical technologies has become a geopolitical asset. Although the United States has maintained its leading position in digital power\, China has emerged as a formidable competitor over the past decade. Under President Xi Jinping’s leadership\, China has been engrossed in developing a comprehensive digital grand strategy\, dubbed ‘Digital China’. This initiative aims to expand China’s digital infrastructure both domestically and internationally\, encompassing the development of 5G networks\, provision of technical assistance\, and installation of CCTV cameras. \nWhilst Beijing’s expansion of digital infrastructure through the Digital Silk Road has helped bridge the digital divide in African and South Asian nations\, it has also sparked serious concerns regarding surveillance\, China’s access to and control over data\, and technological standards. This expansion has raised alarms about potential espionage\, coercion\, and monitoring of dissidents and refugees\, thereby threatening human rights protection. \nThis online discussion invites scholars and activists from the Global South to critically examine China’s digital footprint and its implications for human rights. It explores how digital technologies are reshaping logistics\, infrastructure\, and governance mechanisms\, such as Smart Cities and CCTV surveillance systems\, and considers how cyber networks and data collection enhance social control in a complex environment. \n\n✨Topics \n\nThe Digital Silk Road: China’s Infrastructures of Repression\nMichael Caster\, Head of Global China Program\, Article 19\nXi’s Expansion of Digital Repression of Tibetans\nLobsang Gyatso Sither\, Director of Technology\, Tibet Action Institute\nHow China’s Digital Governance Erodes Human Rights and Freedoms in Hong Kong\nCheng Sze Lut\, Former vice-chairman of the Labour Party in Hong Kong. Since the imposition of the National Security Law\, he has lived in exile in Taiwan\nNepal-China Digital Connectivity: BRI and Beyond\nMahesh Kumar Kushwaha\, Research Fellow\, Centre for Social Innovation and Foreign Policy\, Nepal\n\n\nOrganizer： \nInternational Center for Cultural Studies\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University\, MOE-SPROUT 2.0\, Conflict\, Justice\, Decolonization: Asia in Transition in the 21st Century \nResearch Cluster： \n\n✴️ Sub-project 2: The Chip Era and Digital Governance\nPrincipal Investigator: Joyce C.H. Liu\n✴️ Sub-project 3: Migration\, Unequal Citizens\, and Critical Legal Studies\nPrincipal Investigator: Joyce C.H. Liu\, Yu-Fan Chiu\, Mei-Lin Pan
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/china-bri-and-implications-on-digital-governance-authoritarianism-human-rights/
LOCATION:Virtual Event
CATEGORIES:Forum
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20241210T133000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20241210T160000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20241210T072252Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20241215T073103Z
UID:54712-1733837400-1733846400@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Screening and Discussion: Clement Town 舒適小鎮
DESCRIPTION:Speaker: The Director LI Kuei-Pi https://www.likueipi.com/ \nDiscussant: Professor Pan Mei-Lin\, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences\, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University \nModerator: Dolma Tsering\, Postdoctoral researcher with International Center for Cultural Studies\, NYCU \n\n\n1960-1970年代間，由於冷戰因素與為了防範共產主義的擴張，台灣作為「自由中國」的代表，曾經參與了國際上在南亞一代的系列軍事與政治行動。這些行動橫跨了今日的印度、尼泊爾、緬甸與中國邊境，最西曾抵達巴基斯坦，直到中美建交才逐漸停擺。起初行動主要是為了深入中國蒐集情報，並且阻止共產勢力向外拓展，實際上的作為除了在邊境上建立游擊隊，在印度與尼泊爾設置定居點，同時也在今日信義區設置特殊學校，接運部分散居在邊境上的族群幼童來台就學就養。當時曾經留下大量來自於南亞的報告與影像，這些報告宣稱潛入中國進行軍事行動，實際上則是為台灣工作的當地情報人員，聘僱定居在尼泊爾及中國邊界的村莊居民分別穿上雙方的傳統服飾及軍服，透過擺拍所完成的「假」照片與虛構的註解。除此之外，為了宣傳「難民」為回返「祖國」所做的貢獻，當時也曾經在接運難民的基隆港與松山機場拍攝過系列擺拍照片，讓來自於邊境的族群穿上傳統服飾，與國旗及軍人合影。 \n舒適小鎮（Clement Town）命名自當時受到台灣政府經濟支持，在今日印度北安查爾邦（Uttarakhand）建造的隱密小鎮，這個小鎮是擁有1970年代最先進的供水及供電設備的印度城鎮之一，由為台灣工作的當地情報人員設計、建造，據當時一份政府出版品的紀錄，類似的小鎮在與中國接壤的印度領土上曾多達二十多個，後來得以來台就學的孩童，或多或少與這些城鎮的居民有關在這次的計畫當中，我自當年的檔案中篩選出三組透過擺拍所完成的影像，分別是在相館拍攝的紀念照、在基隆港拍攝的合照，與少女們抵台就學前所拍攝的照片。我邀請表演者與當年參與或間接參與接運計畫及邊境上特殊行動的人們見面，試圖透過交談與詮釋，重新創造出這些照片被拍下前的樣貌，部分在當時的拍攝地點，如基隆港西側二號碼頭、今已成為停車場的特殊學校等地，還原照片被拍攝前所發生的事件。 \n\n\nOrganizer: International Center for Cultural Studies (NYCU) | Sub-project “Migration\, Unequal Citizens\, and Critical Legal Studies”
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/clement-town/
LOCATION:HA Building II\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Film Screening
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END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20240923T163000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20240923T180000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240923T045843Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20241215T052744Z
UID:54707-1727109000-1727114400@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Screening and Discussion: The Link (2024) [Report]
DESCRIPTION:Moderator: Tu Huynh (Associated researcher\, Global South Studies Center\, University of Cologne) \nDirector: Musquiqui Chihying (join virtually)\, and Lou Mo (join in person). \nLanguage: English (Mandarin Interpretation provided in the post-screening discussion) \nSponsored by the Africa-China Research Network in Taiwan in cooperation with the International Centre for Cultural Studies (NYCU) and the Social Inequalities Research Unit ( University of Cologne). \nThis work is commissioned by The Hong Foundation. \nAbstract \nAs a series of abolitionist movements unfolded in the early 19th century\, Western colonial empires encountered a severe shortage of labour in their tropical plantations worldwide. Coolies from Asia emerged as ideal substitutes\, sustaining production tasks necessary for trade. These coolies\, supplementing the human resource shortfall after the abolition of the slave trade\, not only altered the distribution of agriculture\, commodities\, minerals\, and natural resources in the Global South but also influenced the dispersion and aggregation of Asian ethnicities. From the portraits of coolies captured by British colonists in the past to the blueprint of the “World Digital Brain” crafted by Chinese multinational corporations through submarine cable connections\, The Link endeavors to dismantle the gaze of control technique and colonialism by regarding the islands in the Afrasian Sea as “key points” in this technical network through intricate image appropriation and observation\, thereby reflecting on the history of exchanges in contemporary global waters across intertwined timelines. This film was produced in collaboration with the institute DGAP (German Council on Foreign Relations) in German\, Rongxing Hakka Opera Troupe in Taiwan and the Aapravasi Ghat\, the museum of Coolie history in Mauritius. \n主持人： Tu Huynh (Associated Researcher\, Global South Studies Center\, University of Cologne) \n導演：致穎 Musquiqui Chihying(線上蒞臨)、莫奴 Lou Mo（實體蒞臨） \n語言：英語（映後座談提供中文同步翻譯） \n本活動由台灣非中研究網路贊助舉辦，並由國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心、科隆大學社會不平等研究中心共同協辦。 \n本作品由洪建全基金會委託製作。 \n摘要 \n隨著19世紀初一系列廢奴運動的展開，西方殖民帝國在全球的熱帶種植園中遭遇了嚴重的勞動力短缺。來自亞洲的苦力成為理想的替代品，維持貿易所需的生產任務。這些苦力補足廢除奴隸貿易後的人力資源短缺，不僅改變了南半球農業、商品、礦產和自然資源的分佈，也影響了亞洲民族的分散和聚集。從昔日英國殖民者拍攝的苦力肖像，到中國跨國企業透過海底電纜連接打造的「世界數位大腦」藍圖，《鏈結》力圖透過以非亞洲之海的島嶼作為技術網絡中的「關鍵點」，進行複雜的圖像挪用與觀察，試圖瓦解控制技術和殖民主義的凝視，從而反映出當代全球水域在相互交織的時間軸上的交流歷史。此影片是與德國對外關係委員會研究所（DGAP）、台灣榮興客家劇團以及毛里求斯的苦力歷史博物館（Aapravasi Ghat）合製。 \n\nEvent Info｜https://iccs.chss.nycu.edu.tw/zh/activity.php?USN=1508 \nEvent Photo｜https://iccs.chss.nycu.edu.tw/zh/album.php?USN=306 \nEvent Report \nThe Link is a short documentary directed by Musquiqui Chihying and Lou Mo. It explores the connections between migration\, slavery\, forced labor\, extraction\, and control techniques in the Global South\, with a particular focus on Mauritius. The film also highlights the ties between the 19th century Western colonial period\, and 21st century China’s “World Digital Brain” ambitions\, as pursued by Chinese multinational corporations through submarine cable connections. \nAs a starting point\, the film takes the audience to Aapravasi Ghat in the district of Port Louis. This site witnessed the British government’s use of cheap labor to replace slaves after the abolition of slavery. It served as an entry point where migrant laborers were profiled and photographed. They were checked individually and quarantined. Aapravasi Ghat was a place of control for migrant labor. This same mechanism is reflected in China’s “World Digital Brain” and its smart cities today. \n“Making Mauritius a Smart Paradise for All” is a smart city campaign led by the Chinese company Huawei\, which provides technology and services. The directors emphasized that just as the 19th-century British government used photography as a modern technology to profile and control migrant labor\, today\, similar camera ideologies are used to gather data and create algorithms for control. This information is transmitted through submarine cables; as Chihying stated\, “Whoever controls the submarine cables will control the world.” \nThe film also traced migration history and uncovered the presence of Hakka people who had settled in Mauritius during the 19th century. However\, not all Chinese migrants were brought by the British to work as coolies on plantations\, and some came themselves as merchants in search of fortune. \nThe director\, Musquiqui Chihying\, stated that the film is in its preliminary stage and that he and Lou Mo will continue their project. This film was produced in collaboration with the DGAP (German Council on Foreign Relations)\, the Rongxing Hakka Opera Troupe in Taiwan\, and Aapravasi Ghat\, the Museum of Coolie History in Mauritius. \nThis showing was sponsored by the Africa-China Research Network in Taiwan in cooperation with the International Center for Cultural Studies (NYCU) and the Social Inequalities Research Unit at the University of Cologne. \nThe report is written by Aubrey Kandelila Fanani (IACS Master Programme)
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/screening-and-discussion-the-link-2024-report/
LOCATION:Cinema HB326\, HA Building II\, NYCU\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Film Screening
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/png:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/The-Link_Workshop-Screening_English.png
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240920
DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240922
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240921T043629Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20241215T052615Z
UID:54700-1726790400-1726963199@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Workshop: The Production and Reproduction of Social Inequalities [Report/Video Recording]
DESCRIPTION:Over the past decade\, research on social inequalities has witnessed significant growth\, shedding light on the enduring and expanding nature of global inequality. This research has increasingly become interdisciplinary\, encompassing diverse fields like sociology\, health\, and environmental studies\, while also adopting an intersectional perspective. While traditional approaches centered on income or education\, contemporary studies delve into understanding how elements such as gender\, race\, ethnicity\, and geographical location play pivotal roles in shaping the uneven allocation of resources and opportunities. \nIn East Asia\, a series of “economic miracles” have occurred since the Second World War\, starting with Japan\, followed by the “Four Asian Tigers\,” and culminating with the People’s Republic of China. These economic success stories have contributed to a statistical reduction in global inequality. Similarly\, South and Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam\, India\, Indonesia\, and the Philippines have experienced similar patterns of rapid economic growth; and in Africa\, countries such as Ethiopia have attempted to join the next wave by adopting ostensibly similar policies. \nHowever\, this process of economic development has not been without its challenges. In certain instances\, the pursuit of economic progress has led to the creation of peripheries characterized by racialized and gendered migrant labor\, as well as the marginalization of indigenous communities\, whose labor and land have been exploited to support the growth of industries. This has resulted in the displacement of populations and exacerbated unequal living conditions. \nChina has been widely recognized as the “factory of the world\,” playing a significant role in global manufacturing and trade. Nevertheless\, during times of uncertain transitions\, other countries or regions in the global South may also emerge as potential centers of production. The generation of displaced populations and unequal living conditions can be attributed\, in part\, to state-led policies and the dynamics of global capitalism. Government policies may prioritize economic growth and attract foreign investments\, often leading to the exploitation of cheap labor and natural resources. This pursuit of profit can exacerbate social disparities and displace vulnerable communities. \nFurthermore\, global hierarchies are a common feature of the political economy of global capitalism. As economic power concentrates in certain regions or countries\, it tends to perpetuate existing inequalities and create new ones. These hierarchies can shift over time\, but the overall structure of economic dominance and exploitation remains. \nThe workshop revolves around the visit of researchers from the University of Cologne’s “The Production and Reproduction of Social Inequalities” research unit to Taiwan. It seeks to understand why endeavors to enhance equality often lead to enduring disparities. The main objective is to promote dialogue between the Cologne researchers and Taiwan-based scholars and students working on inequality. This two-day event\, hosted at the International Center for Cultural Studies at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University\, will primarily explore conceptual frameworks and methodologies for studying inequality. It will particularly focus on migrant labor\, human trafficking\, indigeneity\, statelessness\, and the role of the political economy of capitalism in shaping social inequalities in Asian countries and the global South during the 21st century. Additionally\, the workshop will investigate potential projects related to alternative relationality and solidarities from below. \nWorkshop Agenda\n\n\n\nFri\, Sept 20\nWorkshop Day 1\n\n\n9:30 – 10:00\nWelcoming Remarks and Official Group Photo\nJoyce C.H. Liu (Director\, International Institute for Cultural Studies\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University)\nMichaela Pelican (Professor of Social and Cultural Anthropology & Principal Investigator and Speaker of Research Unit\, Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology\, University of Cologne)\n\n\nHistorical and Political Crisis of Forced Labor\n\n\n10:00 – 11:10\nPanel 1: The International Labor Organization\, Colonialism\, and the History of “Forced Labor”\nModerator: Tu Huynh (Principal Investigator\, Global South Studies Center\, University of Cologne) \n\nBetween Work Regulation\, Integration into the Capitalist Economy and “African Laziness”: The ILO and African Workers\, 1919-1930 – Ulrike Lindner (Professor of Modern History & Principal Investigator\, Department of History\, University of Cologne)\nWhat is Wrong with Forced Labor: Coercion or Exploitation – Ya-Wen Yang (Assistant Research Professor\, Institutum Iurisprudentiae\, Academia Sinica)\n\n\n\n\n11:10 – 11:20\nCoffee Break\n\n\n11:20 – 12:30\nPanel 2: Pan-Asian Politics and Racialized Capitalist Relations\nModerator: Joyce C.H. Liu (Director\, International Institute for Cultural Studies\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University) \n\nPan-Asian Alliances during the International Labor Conferences\, 1920s-1940s – Fabiana Kutsche (Doctoral Researcher\, Department of History\, University of Cologne)\nInequalities and Migrant Labor: Tracing Taiwan’s Racialized Capitalism – Samia Dinkelaker (Asia Research Institute\, National University of Singapore)\n\n\n\n\n12:30 – 13:30\nLunch Break\n\n\n13:30 – 14:40\nPanel 3: Export Processing Zones and Labor Politics\nModerator: Derek Sheridan (Assistant Research Fellow\, Institute of Ethnology\, Academia Sinica) \n\nChallenging the Uneven Power Relation: The Case of Workers Union at Garment Industry in Ethiopia – Meron Zeleke (Associate Professor of Anthropology & Principal Investigator\, Center of Human Rights\, Addis Ababa University)\nTransformation and Exploitation: The Impact of Labor Policies in Mexico’s Maquiladora Industry – Hao-Yu Cho (Post-Doctoral Research\, Institute of Sociology\, Academia Sinica)\n\n\n\n\n14:40 – 14:50\nCoffee Break\n\n\nMigration as Logistical Process\n\n\n14:50 – 16:00\nPanel 4: Transformations in Migration Governance and Forced Labor\nModerator: Ulrike Lindner (Professor of Modern History & Principal Investigator\, Department of History\, University of Cologne) \n\nMigration Governance\, Human Trafficking\, and Gender Inequalities: Cameroon to the Arab Gulf states – Jonathan Ngeh (Senior Researcher\, Global South Studies Center\, University of Cologne) & Michaela Pelican (Professor of Social and Cultural Anthropology & Principal Investigator and Speaker of Research Unit\, Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology\, University of Cologne)\nModern Slavery Crisis and the Transformation of Private Governance: The Case of the Seafood Supply Chains in Taiwan – Yu-Fan Chiu (Associate Professor\, School of Law\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University)\n\n\n\n\n16:00 – 16:10\nCoffee Break\n\n\n16:10 – 17:20\nPanel 5: Forced Labor and Supply Chains\nModerator: Meron Zeleke (Associate Professor of Anthropology & Principal Investigator\, Center of Human Rights\, Addis Ababa University) \n\nCompound Capitalism\, Samoan Supply Chains\, and SEZs: Topological Logistics of Digitalized Labor Extraction in SEA – Joyce C.H. Liu (Director\, International Institute for Cultural Studies\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University)\nPay to Work: Recruitment Fees and the Exploitation of Indonesian Migrant Fishers in Taiwan’s Distant Water Fleets – Jonathan S. Parhusip (PhD student\, Institute of Social Research and Cultural Studies\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University)\n\n\n\n\nSat\, Sept 21\nWorkshop Day 2\n\n\nGoverning Migration and Care\n\n\n9:30 – 10:35\nPanel 6: Beyond Labor: Governing and Challenging Migrant Categories\nModerator: Fabiana Kutsche (Doctoral Researcher\, Department of History\, University of Cologne) \n\nBeyond Boundaries: Migration\, Identity Transformation\, and the Shifting Social Status of Chinese Laborers – Tu Huynh (Principal Investigator\, Global South Studies Center\, University of Cologne)\nNavigating Reproductive Rights and Inequalities: Indonesian Migrant Mothers in Taiwan – Tzu-Chi Ou (Assistant Professor\, International College of Innovation\, National Chengchi University)\n\n\n\n\n10:35 – 10:45\nCoffee Break\n\n\n10:45 – 11:50\nPanel 7: Care\, Migration\, and Inequality\nModerator: Yu-Fan Chiu (Associate Professor\, School of Law\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University) \n\nIndigeneity\, Migration\, and Social Inequalities in Long-Term Care: An Inquiry into the Tayal Community in Taiwan — Wasiq Silan (I-An Gao) (Researcher at the Centre of Ethnic Relations and Nationalism\, University of Helsinki)\nInformal Housing and the Future of Chinese Urban Villages: Observations from Shanghai – Qi Li (PhD student\, Institute of Social Research and Cultural Studies\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University)\n\n\n\n\n11:50 – 13:00\nLunch Break\n\n\nRamifications of Uneven Development\n\n\n13:00 – 14:05\nPanel 8: Moral Geographies and the Reproduction of Inequality\nModerator: Wasiq Silan (I-An Gao) (Researcher at the Centre of Ethnic Relations and Nationalism\, University of Helsinki) \n\nWet Market and Reproduction of Inequality – I-Yi Hsieh (Postdoctoral Fellow\, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University)\nGoing to Africa to Develop: Chinese Migrants and the Moral Geography of Uneven Development in Africa – Derek Sheridan (Assistant Research Fellow\, Institute of Ethnology\, Academia Sinica)\n\n\n\n\n14:05 – 14:25\nBreak\n\n\n14:25 – 15:25\nClosing Remarks and Discussion\nDerek Sheridan (Assistant Research Fellow\, Institute of Ethnology\, Academia Sinica)\nJoyce C.H. Liu (Director\, International Institute for Cultural Studies\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University)\nTu Huynh (Principal Investigator\, Global South Studies Center\, University of Cologne)\n\n\n\n\n所屬子計畫: 遷移、不平等公民、批判法律研究＆大中國體系中社會區域間的地緣政治和文化經濟 \n子計畫主持人: 劉紀蕙、邱羽凡 教授；陳奕麟 教授 \n本中心活動策畫: 劉紀蕙、邱羽凡、陳奕麟 教授 \n教育部高等教育深耕計畫—特色領域研究中心經費補助 \n\n\n\nEvent Recording: Youtube Link\n\nEvent Report\nThe “Production and Reproduction of Social Inequalities” workshop was a two-day collaborative event between the Social Inequalities Research Unit (SIRU) at the University of Cologne\, Germany\, the International Center for Cultural Studies (ICCS) at the National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University\, Taiwan\, and the Africa-China Research Network in Taiwan based at Academia Sinica. It explored conceptual frameworks and methodologies for studying inequality. \nEach research group focused on different aspects of inequality\, including migrant labor\, human trafficking\, indigeneity\, statelessness\, and the role of the political economy of capitalism in shaping social inequalities in Asian countries and the Global South during the 21st century. \nMichaela Pelican\, professor of Social and Cultural Anthropology at the University of Cologne and the speaker for the research unit “The Production and Reproduction of Social Inequalities: Global Contexts and Concepts of Labor Exploitation\,” stated that the workshop aimed not only to explore conceptual frameworks and methodologies\, fostering exchange and collaboration among participants and organizers. \nDay 1 – September 20\, 2024\nOn day 1\, the workshop was divided into two topics: Historical and Political Crisis of Forced Labor with three panels and Migration as Logistical Process with two panels. \nHistorical and Political Crisis of Forced Labor \nPanel 1: focused on The International Labor Organization\, Colonialism\, and the History of “Forced Labor” with Tu Huynh\, Principal Investigator at the Global South Studies CenterUniversity of Cologne\, as moderator. \nIn this panel\, Ulrike Lindner\, Professor of Modern History at the Department of History\, University of Cologne\, and Ya-Wen Yang\, Assistant Research Professor at Institutum Iurisprudentiae\, Academia Sinica\, explored the role of the ILO and its relationship with forced labor through the lens of an historical approach and a legal approach. \nUlrike Lindner explored the history of the International Labour Organization (ILO) as an entity closely tied to imperialism in creating regulations\, including the standard of forced labor in native labor. She linked the ILO’s standards regarding native labor to the stereotype of “lazy Africans” between 1919 and 1930\, which was used as a justification for Western imperialism to secure cheap labor from colonized populations. \nIn short\, the stereotype of “lazy Africans” has fostered the racist notion of a division of labor between native and European workers\, suggesting that Africans were only capable of working in tropical and Southern climates\, while Europeans were needed to oversee them and perform intellectual tasks. Europeans used this stereotype to enforce the dependency of “lazy Africans” on labor\, as their businesses in Africa relied on cheap labor for plantations\, farming\, and infrastructure. \nIn the mid-1920s\, the ILO began to address forced labor\, but the standards for forced labor were problematic. The ILO attempted to regulate the violent forced labor regimes in the Global South by establishing the Expert Commission on Native Labour in 1926. During discussions\, the colonial experts—almost all of whom were former colonial officials—sought to uphold existing work regimes\, often basing their recommendations on racist assumptions. Ideas of “education for labor” influenced the internal workings of the commission and shaped the discourses within the ILO. \nYa-Wen Yang brought up cases of human trafficking in Taiwan involving Filipino migrant workers to criticize the Taiwanese judiciary’s narrow interpretation of forced labor. Yang discussed the case of Chiang\, the head of a brokerage company who was prosecuted for exploitation through debt bondage. Some of the charges against him included overcharging workers by five times the legal cap\, creating false advertisements\, providing poor living conditions\, and withholding wages and passports. \nThe court determined that he was not guilty for several reasons\, including the claim that his overcharging and withholding of wages and the passport were done with the worker’s consent. Yang viewed the judiciary’s decision as reflective of a coercion-centered and rather than an exploitation-centered perspective\, which prioritizes formal consent and freedom of contract without considering economic necessity and structural inequalities as forms of coercion. These views contrast with the interpretation of forced labor as defined by the ILO C29 standard. \nYang suggested that Taiwan needs a more comprehensive approach to address coercive practices and the broader conditions perpetuating inequality and exploitation. \nPanel 2: focused on Pan-Asia Politics and Racialized Capitalist Relations\, with Joyce C. H. Liu\, Director of the International Institute for Cultural Studies at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University\, serving as the moderator. \nFabiana Kutsche*\, a Doctoral Researcher in the Department of History at the University of Cologne\, explored the voices and contributions of Asian members to the International Labour Conferences from the 1920s to the 1940s and followed patterns of Pan-Asian thought in the debates. Samia Dinkelaker*\, from the Asia Research Institute at the National University of Singapore\, examined Taiwan’s migrant labor system from the perspective of racialized capitalism. She suggested this perspective to describe migrant workers’ intensified exploitation and their segregation from local workers. She discussed how current divisions of workers are related to earlier divisions in Taiwan’s capitalist history\, and which role migrant workers’ racialization plays in the contemporary phase of Taiwan’s capitalism. \nPanel 3: focused on Export Processing Zones and Labor Politics\, with Derek Sheridan\, Assistant Research Fellow at the Institute of Ethnology\, Academia Sinica\, as a moderator. \nIn this panel\, Meron Zeleke\, Associate Professor of Anthropology and Principal Investigator at the Center of Human Rights\, Addis Ababa University\, and Hao-Yu Cho\, Post-Doctoral Researcher at the Institute of Sociology\, Academia Sinica\, explored labor policies and their impact on labor union conditions in Ethiopia and Mexico. \nMeron Zeleke analyzed the weakening of labor unions in the Ethiopian garment industry\, specifically at the Hawassa Industrial Park post-2018. This weakening process aligned with a policy shift towards a developmental state model centered on state-led industrialization. Since the early 2000s\, the Ethiopian government has issued new legislation\, established institutions\, and heavily invested in infrastructural development to enhance manufacturing industries in the country. \nThe new policy was designed to attract foreign investment. In pursuing foreign direct investment\, countries often compromise labor rights and enforce exploitative working conditions to lure multinational corporations. Industrial interests frequently take precedence in such a competitive capitalist landscape\, weakening labor legislation. \nIn 2017\, Ethiopia emerged as the top destination for foreign apparel firms in East Africa and the second largest in Africa. The political transition in Ethiopia in 2018 is celebrated for its significant reforms\, which included expanding political and civic freedoms\, particularly in advocating for labor rights. \nHowever\, the political transition and the ratification of 23 ILO conventions\, including Convention No. 87\, No. 98\, and No. 155\, are insufficient to ensure freedom for labor unions in Ethiopia. Zeleke identified several challenges to the strength of labor unions\, including the persistence of a suppressive industrial tradition regarding associational rights. The obstacles to unionization violate Ethiopia’s international commitments\, the country’s constitution\, the labor proclamation\, and other relevant legal instruments. \nSimilarly\, Hao-Yu Cho examined the impact of labor policies in Mexico\, specifically within the Maquiladora industry\, and their relation to dispatched labor. Mexico initiated the “Border Industrialization Program” (BIP) along the U.S.-Mexico border in the late 1960s to attract foreign investment. The BIP\, along with the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)\, successfully positioned Mexico as a prime production location for global transnational corporations looking to enter the North American market. The Maquiladora became a crucial economic site for foreign investment. \nTo meet the demands of economic development\, the Mexican government frequently introduced new regulations\, including the 2012 labor reform. This reform relaxed labor regulations to attract foreign investment by making hiring and firing practices easier and promoting the growth of temporary employment and dispatched workers. These conditions have led to social fragmentation\, preventing dispatched labor from forming collective bargaining agreements. Additionally\, the frequent movement of workers disrupts social bonds\, weakening solidarity as the precarious nature of their work undermines labor unions. \nMigration as Logistical Process \nPanel 4 focused on Transformations in Migration Governance and Forced Labor with Ulrike Lindner as a moderator. \nJonathan Ngeh\, senior researcher at the Global South Studies Center\, University of Cologne\, and Yu-Fan Chiu\, Associate Professor at the School of Law\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University\, explored migration as a logistical process and its relation to creating modern slavery and human trafficking. \nJonathan Ngeh analyzed the gender dynamics of human trafficking in Cameroon\, focusing particularly on the women who migrate to work in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states. As the starting point\, he referred to the Palmero Protocol to see what is defined as human trafficking in his study cases. \nBased on the Palmero Protocol\, human trafficking is trafficking in persons\, which refers to the recruitment\, transportation\, transfer\, harboring\, or receipt of individuals through various coercive means\, including force\, fraud\, deception\, or abuse of power. It can involve obtaining consent from someone in a position of control over the victim through payments or benefits. \nThe primary goal of trafficking is exploitation\, which encompasses activities such as sexual exploitation\, forced labor\, slavery\, servitude\, and organ removal. \nIn his case\, a woman called Mira was recruited by her pastor under false pretenses\, lying about a job in Kuwait\, withholding important information\, and pocketing the travel expenses sent by the employer. He also charged her additional fees. \nThe primary goal of trafficking is exploitation\, which encompasses activities such as sexual exploitation\, forced labor\, slavery\, servitude\, and organ removal. \nOnce in Kuwait\, her employer confiscated her passport\, forced her to work over 15 hours a day\, and subjected her to physical and verbal abuse. He withheld her pay and demanded repayment of about $3\,000 for travel costs before allowing her to leave. She also faced sexual harassment. Despite escaping three times and seeking help from the recruitment agency that brought her\, they returned her to her abuser and dismissed her complaints about the harassment. \nNgeh explained what Mira has experienced is human trafficking based on the Palmero Protocol. However\, the case did not see any legal pursuit of justice. In conclusion\, he stated that institutional practices\, including migration regulations\, residency policies\, and labor market guidelines\, reinforce structural barriers that disproportionately impact migrant women\, heightening their vulnerability to coercive labor exploitation and sexual abuse. Additionally\, migrants’ interactions with employers and officials in state institutions and businesses further entrench social hierarchies and perpetuate violence against women. \nYu-Fan Chiu discussed modern slavery within the context of the seafood supply chain in Taiwan. She seeks to explore the legal issues related to the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) and its influence on forced labor in non-EU countries. \nTaiwan is not currently a member of the International Labour Organization (ILO). Hence\, Taiwan cannot ratify ILO Conventions C29 and C188. Chiu explained that the concept of forced labor in Taiwan’s legal system differs from that outlined in ILO C29 and that the working conditions for fishers do not align with the standards set by C188. \nTaiwan has its basic labor law\, but for overseas fishers\, Taiwan has specific regulations\, particularly for those recruited at sea. The Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) has established an Overseas Employment System for migrant fishers on Taiwan-flagged vessels in distant water fishing (DWF)\, which effectively excludes these fishers from basic labor law protections in Taiwan. Unfortunately\, this regulation creates injustice and makes them live in vulnerable situations. \nChiu argued that the CSDDD presents an opportunity for Taiwan\, as a non-EU country\, to engage with international law to eliminate forced labor in the seafood supply chain industry. While the CSDDD will not be directly incorporated into Taiwan’s national law\, it is significant given Taiwan’s seafood exports to the EU and the high risk of forced labor in its DWF sector. This research uses Taiwan’s DWF industry as a case study to analyze the legal implications of the CSDDD on forced labor in non-EU countries. \nAlthough the CSDDD includes direct extraterritorial legislation and enforcement measures applicable to third-country companies that meet specific turnover criteria\, it does not bind non-EU countries directly. \nTherefore\, it cannot serve as a legal basis for requiring the Taiwanese government to alter its definition of forced labor or improve working conditions for fishers. Under Pillar One of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs)\, states are responsible for protecting against human rights abuses through effective policies and legislation\, ensuring that businesses within their jurisdiction\, including those operating on Taiwan-flagged vessels in DWF respect human rights throughout their operations. \nPanel 5: focused on Forced Labor and Supply Chains\, with Meron Zeleke as a moderator. \nJoyce C.H. Liu examined the reemergence of Tianxia in 21st-century China by exploring the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Liu argued that the BRI materialized and technologically implemented the Tianxia vision. Chinese emperors historically used the concept of Tianxia to legitimize their governance and strategically organize resources to secure the production and circulation of goods and the stability of the state. The concept of Tianxia also contributed to the tributary system\, which has a darker side\, including collusion and corruption\, underground connections with gangs\, smuggling of goods\, and the kidnapping of forced labor. \nAll aspects of the Tianxia vision are reflected in the BRI\, in which 154 countries and 32 international organizations have signed over 200 cooperation documents for the Belt and Road Initiative by March 2024. China has created a global infrastructure network\, including the Maritime Silk Road\, special economic zones\, and digital infrastructure. However\, the BRI has unintended side effects\, revealing the dark corners of scam compounds and their underground rhizomes\, emphasizing the geo-historical factors and semi-tributary trading practices involved. \nIn the end\, Liu proposed the V – M+ model of digital capital operation in the 21st century\, focusing on the techniques of capital operation through compound capitalism\, or the Samoan Model\, which produces legal exceptional zones. In this model\, “V” is the void with no cost and violence with no law\, indicating that there are no limits to the multiplication of capital. She argued the model integrates transnational corporations\, overseas special economic zones that facilitate various favorable legal exceptions\, and digital automation that accelerates capital flow and human labor extraction transactions. \nJonathan S. Parhusip\, a PhD student at the Institute of Social Research and Cultural Studies\, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University\, examined the exploitative recruitment practice among Indonesian migrant fishers who work aboard Taiwanese distant water fishing vessels. Parhusip found the exploitation has been going on since the first time the crew registered to work in Indonesia. The broker from their hometown usually overcharged them for the paperwork involved in the recruitment process. \nThe broker also attempted to deceive them by providing false information regarding wages and contracts. The recruiters\, the broker\, and the state exploit fishers’ vulnerable conditions\, such as being far from land and lacking communication access while at sea. As a result\, the fishers are forced to pay brokerage fees and sign loan agreements\, leading to significant debt\, with their wages often illegally deducted. \nMoreover\, Taiwanese law establishes a lower minimum wage for distant-water fishing than for regular labor\, as outlined in the Taiwan Labor Law. The minimum wage for distant-water fishing is approximately USD 550\, compared to USD 889 for regular labor. Consequently\, the net salary for these fishermen is minimal due to deductions for loans and other additional charges incurred on board. \nOne of Parhusip’s key recommendations is that employers should cover all costs associated with recruitment\, including any fees related to documentation and recruitment processes\, in accordance with international standards on recruitment fees and the “employer pays principle.” \nDay 2 – September 21\, 2024\nOn day 2\, the workshop was divided into two topics: Governing Migration and Care with two panels and Ramifications of Uneven Development with one panel. \nGoverning Migration and Care \nPanel 6: focused on Beyond Labor: Governing and Challenging Migrant Categories with Fabiana Kutsche as moderator. \nIn Tu Huynh’s speculative inquiry\, she explored the intersection of global capitalism\, Chinese labor migration\, and the transformation of social status in the 19th century\, focusing on how migration allowed Chinese laborers to renegotiate their social standing both abroad and within China. She argued that while Chinese laborers in colonial societies faced exclusion and rigid social categories\, their economic success abroad provided moments of mobility that enabled some reconfiguration of China’s strict liangjian (良贱) system of social hierarchy. \nThe liangjian system classified individuals into two main categories: liangmin (良民)\, or good/free commoners (including scholars\, farmers\, artisans\, and merchants)\, and jianmin (贱民)\, or debased/low-status people. This system reinforced the power structures of the Qing dynasty\, serving both as a tool of governance and a mechanism for maintaining social order. \nHowever\, merchants held an ambiguous position within the system\, one that fluctuated based on regional context and economic success. This created a precarious situation for merchants\, where their economic power was acknowledged\, but their social status remained constrained by entrenched cultural norms and legal restrictions. \nDuring the global capitalist transformations of the 19th century\, Chinese laborers and merchants abroad found opportunities to renegotiate the rigid boundaries of the liangjian system. Their economic success overseas often led to higher social status upon returning to China. The prestige associated with wealth\, international experience\, and participation in global markets began to outweigh traditional Confucian ideals that had previously marginalized merchants in Chinese society. \nIn conclusion\, through this inquiry\, Huynh encouraged us to rethink how migration\, beyond its exploitative aspects\, catalyzes social transformation. Economic mobility in global capitalism challenged the stability of pre-existing social systems like the liangjian hierarchy. \nTzu-Chi Ou*\, Assistant Professor at the International College of Innovation\, National Chengchi University\, examined the experiences of Indonesian migrant mothers who give birth and raise children in Taiwan\, focusing on the concept of “short-distance parenting.” \nPanel 7 focused on Care\, Migration\, and Inequality\, with Yu-Fan Chiu as a moderator. \nWasiq Silan (I-An Gao) *\, a researcher at the Center of Ethnic Relations and Nationalism\, University of Helsinki\, delved into the complex dynamics of indigeneity and migration within this vulnerability quandary\, with a specific focus on the Tayal\, Taiwan. \nQi Li\, a Ph.D. student at the Institute of Social Research and Cultural Studies\, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University\, presented a territorial contest between the state\, civil society\, and migrant workers through informal housing in urban villages located in Zhangjiang Science City\, Shanghai. \nZhangjiang Science City is the core hub for China’s strategic high-tech industries\, including semiconductors\, biomedicine\, and artificial intelligence. Over the past three decades\, Zhangjiang has transformed from a rural commune into a critical infrastructure supporting China’s high-tech ambitions. This development and the expansion of Zhangjiang Science City have led to several implications\, including urbanization\, land shifts\, and housing problems. To understand the struggles faced by displaced individuals regarding the uncertain conditions of their land\, Qi traced the routes of the Science City’s expansion by mapping the paths of the displaced people. \nIn her analysis of Zhangjiang Science Park\, she proposed the concept of the politics of deterritorialization as migrant territoriality: a territory for displaced persons characterized by fragmented and localized mobilization. While the Science Park territory is typically associated with investment\, innovation\, and advancement\, this migrant territoriality reflects the attempts of displaced individuals to reoccupy and reproduce space by informally reclaiming land\, constructing extralegal housing\, and navigating the irregular boundaries of the Science City. Their reoccupation and reproduction differentiate their territory from that of Zhangjiang Science Park\, even though their location falls under state regulation for the Science Park. \nRamifications of Uneven Development \nPanel 8: focused on Moral Geographies and the Reproduction of Inequality\, with Wasiq Silan (I-An Gao) as a moderator. \nI-Yi Hsieh\, a postdoctoral fellow of the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University\, analyzes the stigmatization of the Asian food market\, especially the wet market\, during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the Taiwanese food infrastructure. As the pandemic shifted from Asia to Euro-America in early 2020\, “wet markets” became scapegoated in the narrative surrounding the virus\, reflecting broader issues of ecological devastation\, urban trade practices\, and inadequate public health responses. \nHsieh investigated how lockdown measures in 2021 disrupted the food supply chain\, exacerbating food insecurity and social inequality within a working-class community in Taipei. She also brought the translation politics of the term “wet market\,” which originated in Singapore and is often misunderstood in Taiwan and mainland China. \nDerek Sheridan analyzed the decisions and rationales of Chinese migrants moving to Africa and how these relate to transformations in uneven global political economies. He examined the life histories of Chinese migrants and their families in Tanzania and Uganda. \nBased on their stories\, Sheridan found that migrants viewed the continent as an attractive destination for earning money to achieve a better life. Many cited its underdevelopment as an opportunity while claiming to lack the capability to keep up with China’s development or migrate and succeed in America or Europe. \nSheridan explained that for Chinese migrants in Tanzania\, perceiving uneven development feels like time travel. When they look at Tanzania\, it evokes memories of China’s past conditions. The migrants view both China and Africa as still developing\, but within this context\, they either see hope in Africa or see the two regions as distinct. \nSheridan explained that these imaginaries reflect China’s rapid development\, and moving to Africa becomes a journey back to China’s past. At the same time\, this imagination fosters the belief that South-South cooperation can bring development to African countries\, following the flying geese model. However\, it also reinforces hierarchical views of Chinese development and African underdevelopment. \nAt the end of the workshop\, all participants discussed the upcoming collaborative project and publication as a continuation of their work from the workshop. \nNotes: Please be advised that an asterisk (*) indicates that the participant has not authorized the publication of their content. \nThe report is written by Aubrey Kandelila Fanani (IACS Master Programme)
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/workshop-the-production-and-reproduction-of-social-inequalities/
LOCATION:HA Building III\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Workshop
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DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20240802T163000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20240802T180000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240729T062513Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240729T130023Z
UID:54517-1722616200-1722621600@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Book Discussion at TARN Workshop 2024
DESCRIPTION:The Center on Gender and Forced Displacement is excited to invite you to an insightful book discussion in collaboration with the Transit Asia Research Network (TARN)\, the International Center for Cultural Studies (ICCS)\, and the Mahanirban Calcutta Research Group (CRG)! \nDate: August 2\, 2024 \nTime: 4:30 PM – 6:00 PM (Bangkok Time) \nLocation: Training Room\, AIT Library\, Asian Institute of Technology\, Bangkok\, Thailand \nBook Discussion Highlights: \nIn “Border as Method” by Prof. Sandro Mezzadra and Prof. Brett Neilson\, we will explore the complexities of borders\, a groundbreaking examination of how borders operate and influence global dynamics. This discussion will delve into the intricate ways in which borders affect political\, social\, and economic systems globally. \nAlso we will delve into the struggles of marginalized communities in “The Marginal Nation” by Prof. Ranabir Samaddar\, a profound exploration of the multiple nuances of migration that shows how the marginal becomes central. This discussion aims to highlight the challenges and resilience of marginalized communities and their significant impact on broader societal dynamics. \nTo Register: Link \nTo Join Us Online: Zoom Link \nMeeting ID: 862 5212 3489 \nPasscode: 202785 \nWe look forward to your participation in this engaging discussion and your valuable insights into these critical works. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any questions or need further information (sristy.sen@gmail.com).
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/book-discussion-at-tarn-workshop-2024/
LOCATION:Training Room\, AIT Library\, 58 หมู่ที่ 9 Phahonyothin Rd\, Khlong Nueng\, Khlong Luang District\, Pathum Thani\, Bangkok\, 12120\, Thailand
CATEGORIES:Forum
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DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240801
DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240805
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240730T042608Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240730T044752Z
UID:54597-1722470400-1722815999@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:TARN 2024 MEETING: Industry-led Operations of Capital in the 21st Century
DESCRIPTION:Introduction \nThe “Chip War” (Chris Miller\, 2023)\, a battle for the world’s most critical technology and the new Nomos of the earth\, has emerged as the contemporary form of the Cold War. Chips\, as the material foundation and infrastructure\, perform a myriad of functions including algorithms\, computation\, design\, differentiation\, documentation\, memory\, execution\, and automation. As the core driver of the entire system\, chips have propelled all digital-related industries into the age of AI. \nDigital industries are not merely endorsed but are actively demanded by states. On the other hand\, industry has accelerated its own pace in capital operations\, reshaping the logistics and infrastructure of the production-supply chain\, and dramatically altering the global geopolitical landscape. As Heidegger articulated a century ago\, modern technology can be understood as the Gestell\, a gigantic frame and apparatus\, challenging\, gathering\, and ordering humanity to proceed as if destined\, extracting natural and human resources. However\, the digitalized automatic technology of the 21st century\, disguised as innovative development\, has quickened its pace and penetrated all aspects of our lives. \nThrough this workshop\, we intend to examine the profound changes and critical challenges in the complex geopolitical landscape of Asia and the wider world\, including conflicts\, inequities\, and the enduring impacts of colonial power relations. Our focus is on understanding these dynamics in a global context and investigating their contemporary significance. \nSchedule: https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/tarn/tarn-meeting-2024/ \n 
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/tarn-2024-meeting/
LOCATION:Asian Institute of Technology\, 58 หมู่ที่ 9 Phahonyothin Rd\, Khlong Nueng\, Khlong Luang District\, Pathum Thani\, Bangkok\, 12120\, Thailand
CATEGORIES:Workshop
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/png:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/TRAN-Meeting.png
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20240410T190000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20240410T210000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240813T043632Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240813T043632Z
UID:54667-1712775600-1712782800@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Key Business and Human Rights Issues 2024[Report Recording]
DESCRIPTION:2024關鍵商業與人權議題(Key Business and Human Rights Issues 2024) \n主辦單位：陽明交大文化研究國際中心、WORK BETTER INNOVATIONS、陽明交大科技法律學院\n活動日期：113年04月10日 19:00-21:00\n講者：\nGuna Subramaniam (Asia Pacific Representative\,\nLeadership Group for Responsible Recruitment Asia at IHRB)、\nNeill Wilkins (Head of Workers Programme at IHRB)、\nDr. Bonny Ling（凌怡華） (Executive Director\, Work Better Innovations)、Prof. Yu-Fan Chiu（邱羽凡） (NYCU School of Law) \n【供應鏈企業責任與國際人權】課程講座 \n撰文／吳易儒、張雅祺（陽明交大科法所碩士班） \n國際人權商業研究組織（Institute for Human Rights and Business\, IHRB）於2023年國際人權日提出2024年十大關鍵商業人權議題，羅列出在區域衝突不斷、氣候危機加劇及科技迅速發展的時代，企業在落實尊重人權及實踐平等正義時至關重要的議題，也預測未來一年工商業在人權推動進程中可能面臨的挑戰。 \n美國首任駐聯合國大使—愛蓮娜·羅斯福女士，於1953年三月返回聯合國時，發表了一場振奮人心的即興演說，她提到普世人權始於離我們的家非常近的小地方，如社區、學校、工作場所等。在這些地方無論男女或是兒童，皆應享平等正義、機會、尊嚴。倘若於這些小地方之人權無法實現，於其他地方探究人權之實踐亦是徒勞。是以此次座談之所以將《企業與人權十大重要議題》聚焦於農場、工廠、辦公室、網際網路、礦場、漁業、太空、城市、邊境和自然世界等「地方」，亦是為了呼應羅斯福女士這場時至今日仍舊為人們帶來了希望與感動的演說。 \n深耕勞動法研究的邱羽凡老師和長期致力於企業人權研究的Bonny老師於本學期再度開設「供應鏈企業責任與國際人權」課程，本門課目標為介紹企業供應鏈人權責任在國際層面的發展，以及跨國企業供應鏈人權責任議題的監管法規發展，是以為建立修課同學對於企業社會責任、強迫勞動問題之改善與國際人權之維護的思維，舉辦了本次的講座活動，邀集IHRB的兩位研究員Guna Subramaniam、Neill Wilkins到現場與Bonny老師及羽凡老師對談，不僅針對2024年十大關鍵商業人權議題逐一討論，也針對台灣本土的企業人權議題進行說明與回應。 \n \n2024年十大關鍵商業人權議題：農場、工廠、辦公室、網際網路、礦場、漁業、太空、城市、邊境、自然世界 \n農場的強迫勞動時刻正在發生，Guna Subramaniam提到，不僅氣候變遷所致的酷熱天氣傷害農場工人的健康，科技自動化的耕作技術取代傳統人力，也對農場工人的勞動條件產生影響。科技發展也同樣對製造業工廠中的工人產生衝擊，雇主逐漸仰賴自動化的生產技術，工人擔憂失去工作機會，因而期待企業培訓員工新興技能以利應對。 \n \n接著，Bonny老師談及辦公室及網路工作因新冠疫情而發生的顯著轉變，並提出有關辦公室文化如何調整的問題。Neill Wilkins回應，辦公室文化涉及階層、性別及權力的不平等，但在企業經營自由的前提下，有時人資議題或是已涉及剝削勞工的人權議題可能會被混用，並且企業亦缺乏清晰之概念來處理這兩個不同的問題。此外，羽凡老師也補充，疫情時台灣勞工在家工作最常面臨雇主隨時交辦工作導致工時無限延長的問題，台灣應推動勞工離線權立法。 \n在礦業、漁業、城市及邊境的人權議題討論中，講者們都分別指出氣候變遷及公正轉型的關鍵。以永續共榮、降低碳排為目標的生產作業將導致礦工失業；漁業議題中常忽略近海漁業的女工及童工勞動問題；因應氣候改變，大量勞工從鄉村遷入城市或是南方移往北方工作，進而導致人口結構改變，勞動遷徙將是未來企業應該重點關注的議題。 \n移工招募費用雇主負擔原則 \n談到移工，與會者與講者展開關於移工招募費用的熱烈討論。Neill Wilkins首先指出，移工招聘費用包含培訓、醫療、護照與簽證費，應該列為雇主的招聘成本，而非由移工負擔。羽凡老師隨即說明，在台移工有擺脫因招聘費用而生之債務束縛的需求，近日雖有移工工會與本地產業協會合作簽訂協議，以求共同解決招聘費用所造成之問題，惟仍應該說服台灣政府亦制定相關的政策，規範台灣企業遵守「移工招募費用雇主負擔原則」。同時，與會者也提問：為何企業需負擔移工全額招聘費用？Neill Wilkin說明，招聘本應為雇主經營成本，不應指望勞工付錢去找工作；Guna Subramaniam也補充，領取最低工資的移工卻需負擔最高額的招聘費用，顯非公平。 \n \n網路言論審查對政府、企業與勞工的衝擊 \n網際網路作為十大議題之一，Guna Subramaniam和Neill Wilkin都認為網路真實訊息的查核將面臨人權兩難。人民希望政府介入審查，卻擔憂政治因素與意識形態的汙染，管控力道的掌握也攸關言論自由的保障與限制，台灣作為資訊戰前線，科技公司與政府各應扮演何種角色亦值探討。此外，與會者也提問：負責人工言論審核的勞工可能承擔因惡意言論或圖片所致的心理創傷，應如何處理？Guna Subramaniam提到以AI取代人工審核的解方；Neill Wilkin則說明企業應制定相關流程及提供諮商資源保護勞工。 \n結語 \n農、工、商業及環境的人權議題龐大且變動迅速，在資訊爆炸及科技飛速發展的時代，勞動人權與環境永續的實踐必須努力跟上腳步，以保障全球多數人民安全、健康、有尊嚴的生活。無論是以供應鏈人權盡職調查作為監督企業落實尊重人權的方法，或是在推行零碳排的目標時，與企業建立公正能源夥伴的關係，可能皆是未來面對多元人權議題的思考方向。如同Bonny老師於活動尾聲所言，今天的活動只是一個起點，期待未來有更多討論與關注，累積充實的社群能量才有機會讓十大關鍵商業人權議題獲得更廣泛的重視。
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/key-business-and-human-rights-issues-2024report-recording/
LOCATION:Classroom 6\,NYCU Beimen Campus\, No. 118\, Sec. 1\, Zhongxiao West Road\, Taipei City 100\, Taiwan\, Taipei City\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Lecture
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/【關鍵商業與人權議題】海報-.jpg
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20240118T190000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20240118T210000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240813T034107Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240813T034505Z
UID:54659-1705604400-1705611600@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:台美FTA談判中缺席的勞動保障之「全球供應鏈中的人權保障—跨界對談」 [Report/ Video Recording]
DESCRIPTION:台美FTA談判中缺席的勞動保障之「全球供應鏈中的人權保障—跨界對談」 \n主辦單位：國立陽明交大文化研究國際中心、國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所、大恆國際法律事務所、共力研究社\n活動日期：2024年1月18日（四）\n主持人：邱羽凡副教授（國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所）\n主講人：簡永達記者（《移工築起的地下社會》作者）\n與談人：陳思妤律師（理律法律事務所）、張文祈研究員(Taiwan Project for\nBusiness and Human Rights)\n活動錄影：Link\n文／張雅祺（國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所碩士生）\n—\n簡永達：當發生火災時，對於住在鐵皮屋裡的外籍移工而言，相當於被困在了鐵棺材裡，難有生還的可能。 \n在本次的活動中，簡永達記者首先聚焦台灣的強迫勞動問題，探討了這個議題在本地的深刻影響。遠洋漁業是台灣被列為人權高風險國的一大原因，自2015年台灣漁獲被歐盟列入非法漁業清單起，台灣的遠洋漁業便屢陷爭議。除遠洋漁業外，身為台灣在全球供應鏈中經濟命脈的製造業，亦可能使台灣面臨被列入強迫勞動清單的風險。\n簡永達首先回顧台灣的移工制度。政府引進移工之初，為了避免移工成為移民，限制了他們的居留年限，且移工無法隨意轉換雇主，這意味著移工的居留權和工作權都受制於單一雇主，導致了當移工在工作中遭遇問題時，難以有效地與雇主對抗的局面。曾經有一名的消防員接受了他的採訪，這位消防員直言，對於外籍移工來說，燃燒的鐵皮屋無異於一個「鐵棺材」！因為鐵皮屋若遭遇火災，裡面被困住的移工基本上難有生還的可能。然而，由於外籍移工在台灣的居住權和工作權都受雇主控制，使得申請職災給付過程困難，甚至有些移工剛剛發生職災，就立刻被雇主解雇而被遣返出境。\n外籍移工除了要面對職災風險，還需應對私人仲介制度所帶來的高額仲介費。雇主、仲介收取高額回扣的陋習，導致仲介費層層疊加，而使外籍移工因要負擔高額仲介費，最終陷入負債勞務困境。更令人關切的是，台灣在過去對於移工制度的討論中，很少考慮到移工在台灣的人權。在2005年，高雄捷運爆發泰勞抗暴事件之後，美國國務院將台灣的人權降級為待觀察的國家，國外媒體也紛紛報導了台灣的移工人權問題。這使得台灣政府開始意識到對於移工權益忽視，開始推動相關政策的改變。\n除了單方面的改革之外，簡永達進一步指出，各國政府紛紛通過立法來要求企業調查海外供應鏈的勞動條件，以確保勞工的權益。然而時至今日，台灣仍未實施盡職調查法案或相關域外管轄機制之具體措施，是以強化對企業社會責任的監管，以確保全球供應鏈中外籍勞工的權益，應該是台灣未來必須不斷前進的目標。 \n陳思妤：企業作為被要求背負人權盡職調查義務的規範對象，應有機會共同參與相關立法前置研究，確保法規具有現實上的可行性、能夠達到最初希望保障人權的目的。 \n與談人思妤律師接續永達記者的分析，將焦點集中到供應鏈管理的法制化議題上。全球供應鏈的問題已長期存在，然而近幾年才開始受到廣泛的關注，迄今仍舊缺乏實際落實措施，亦無具體法規、政策可供執行，多為抽象性、綱領性原則。思妤律師強調，商業上的盡職調查的基本概念，本身就是確認特定行為（例如：併購、開發、資產交易）是否有風險存在、風險是否重大、是否及如何避免，當我們將此概念應用在人權保障中，企業或可更容易地了解在商業行為與利潤追求中同時兼顧人權維護的實作可行性，但因目前我國法規尚未在此方面形塑出更進一步的具體規範，於是規範對象的界定、調查事項與範圍（例如：如何進行人權清單化、如何將產業特殊性納入考量）、組織與規範框架（例如：主管機關權限如何劃分、是否與現行制度嫁接）、責任與爭端解決等制度設計，也都有賴各界進一步共商討論。\n思妤律師最後指出，人權盡職調查該如何在台灣從自願性規範轉為強制性規範，在立法推動前需進行完善的前置研究。企業作為被規範的對象、同時也是未來被課與積極義務與責任的主體，在程序上也應有機會共同參與相關的立法前置研究，以確保法規具有現實上的可行性、能夠達到最初希望保障人權的目的。 \n張文祈：台灣的移工政策究竟出了什麼問題，是何種原因造成台灣移工人權爭議頻發？ \n文祈研究員首先就針對台灣企業界的訪談進行分享，說明企業在人權盡職調查方面實踐現況。以2022年歐盟提出的企業永續性盡職調查指定草案為例，該草案中具體界定了具體步驟，以確保企業在營運中充分尊重人權。首先，企業需要將人權相關政策融入公司的營運方針中。其次，企業必須識別對人權可能產生不利影響的領域，並採取措施預防、減輕及終止這些問題。歐盟指令中更強調盡職調查的範圍包括公司自身以及整個價值鏈的合作夥伴，而非僅限於供應鏈。企業應制定行動計劃或行為準則，要求整個價值鏈上的合作夥伴簽署合同以確保他們遵守相關規定。\n在具體實踐方面，文祈研究員表示台灣有一些企業已經開始落實類似的行為準則，並將其應用於供應鏈管理中，這種趨勢表明人權盡職調查可能成為影響全球供應鏈的重要機制。然而對於台灣企業而言若欲適用人權盡職調查仍有需克服之挑戰，尤其是在採購行為方面的不負責任表現，即一方面企業要求合作夥伴遵守高人權標準，但同時又對交貨期限提出高要求，這使得企業根本難以在達成保障人權的同時滿足交貨期限。是以最後文祈研究員鼓勵各界能共同研究此企業供應鏈人權保障議題，並指出修正台灣現行法令是為當務之急，方可使保障移工人權的同時，亦確保台灣所訂立的新法能符合國際標準，讓企業更輕鬆地遵守人權盡職調查的實踐。 \n結語 \n在三位講者的精闢分析下，可知現行台灣的法律政策尚難為移工之人權提供完善之保護，方有受到職災的移工無法獲得應得賠償、仲介費使移工以負債之狀況在提供勞務等問題頻頻在台灣發生。台灣許多產業，特別是製造業對於全球供應鏈有著高度依賴，倘因人權保障不足，被列入強迫勞動之名單之中，恐對台灣之經濟造成極大之影響。是以人權盡職調查該如何成為足以保障移工權，也符合國際標準之法律，使企業負起其應盡之企業社會責任，將為台灣刻不容緩之任務。 \n \n 
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/%e5%8f%b0%e7%be%8efta%e8%ab%87%e5%88%a4%e4%b8%ad%e7%bc%ba%e5%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%8b%9e%e5%8b%95%e4%bf%9d%e9%9a%9c%e4%b9%8b%e3%80%8c%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e4%be%9b%e6%87%89%e9%8f%88%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84/
LOCATION:Virtual Event
CATEGORIES:Forum
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/活動海報-1-1-scaled.jpg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20240115T140000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20240115T194000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240813T031821Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240813T031823Z
UID:54655-1705327200-1705347600@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Will this world ever be the same? ＆ Perspectives on Palestine: Dialogues on History\, Humanity\, and Hope[Report Recording]
DESCRIPTION:「這個世界會永遠如此嗎？」 \n巴勒斯坦電影放映／映後會，與 Qais Assali、Shuruq Harb 和 May Marei 的對話 \n2024/1/15(一)\n14.00-15.00：電影放映會\n15.00-16:30：映後會：與電影導演的問與答 \n人社二館 F106 \n“當各種危機同時存在於身體中時，我們無法將時間劃分為不同的危機。”\n⎯文字引自Instagram 上的 @palestinewritingworkshop \n我們正在反思韓裔美國詩人洪朴凱西（Cathy Park Hong）在《我受傷，故而我存在》（Minor Feelings）中所思索的：“我用什麼代價獲得了這樣的生活？我以何種代價獲得了這樣的安全……我並沒有經歷前人經歷過的，但我仍然是那些沒有時間去復原的人的後代；他們沒有時間，也沒有被允許去反省。” \n我們也在思考和擴延巴勒斯坦詩人馬哈茂德·達爾維什在《為了遺忘的記憶》（Memory for Forgetfulness）中提出的一些問題：流亡和失落的意義是什麼？在戰爭時期，作為一個人可以扮演什麼樣的角色？而寫作和拍片（時間和記憶）與歷史（記憶正是一種遺忘的方式）的關係是什麼？ 懷着愛與憤怒之情，這次的短片放映匯集了巴勒斯坦電影導演/藝術家 Qais Assali、Shuruq Harb 和 May Marei 的作品，希望能够為觀眾提供一種渴望或能量，可以持續提出問題、思考、行動，並想像另一個世界是可能的。 \n⎯電影放映會策劃人 : 王虹凱（Hong-Kai Wang） \n電影放映\nGriever of the Sea (2022) by May Marei\nThe Kingdom (2015) by Qais Assali\nThe Seventh Sarha by Qais Assali\nWhite Elephant (2018) by Shuruq Harb\nThe Jump (2021) by Shuruq Harb \n策劃人:王虹凱 \n主辦單位\n國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心\n國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心亞際文化研究國際碩士學位學程(台聯大系統)\n「衝突、正義、解殖：21世紀轉型中的亞洲」計畫：子計畫三「遷移、不平等公民、批判法律研究」+子計畫六〔藝術介入與社會行動〕 \nFilmmaker’s Website\nThe Kingdom – Qais Assali\nThe White Elephant | IFFR\nThe Jump by Shuruq Harb – Jameel Arts Centre \nFilm Programme & Symposium on Palestine (google.com)\n*Film screening and symposium will be held in person and online. \n— \n研討會：巴勒斯坦觀點：歷史、人性與希望的對話\n日期： 2024/1/15日（一）\n時間： 17:00 – 19:30\n地點： 陽明交大光復校區 人社二館 F106 \n講者和與談人：\n1) 哈澤姆·阿爾瑪斯里(Hazem Almassry)，來自加薩，獨立研究者，臺灣國立陽明交通大學 社會與文化研究所博士 \n2) 阿蘭·布羅薩特（Alain Brossat），法國巴黎第八大學哲學教授 \n3) 賽法立．阿拉塔斯 （Syed Farid Alatas），新加坡國立大學社會學教授 \n4) 魯巴·薩利赫（Ruba Salih），意大利波隆那大學人類學教授 \n5) 邁克爾·弗曼諾夫斯基（Michael Furmanovsky），日本龍谷大學大眾文化研究教授 \nCoordinated by Kahlan A. Alradhi & Hanh T. L. Nguyen \n策劃人： 阮蘭欣與安凱蘭 \n活動概述：\nFor the purpose of examining the political and humanitarian crisis in Palestine\, the International Center for Cultural Studies\, NYCU\, organized the symposium “Perspectives on Palestine: Dialogues on History\, Humanity\, and Hope.” It particularly focused on Israel’s military assault on the Gaza Strip following the “Al-Aqsa Flood” operation by Hamas on October 7\, 2023. The Israeli bombardments\, conducted through land\, air\, and sea\, have ruthlessly targeted Gaza’s population\, resulting in approximately 30\,000 casualties as of January 15\, 2024\, predominantly among women and children. UNRWA estimates suggest that more than a million people have been displaced\, causing a collapse in the health sector and leading to an unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe.\nOrganized by the International Center for Cultural Studies\, the event brought together a distinguished panel of speakers to share their insights on the Israel-Palestine conflict. The symposium aimed to cultivate an unwavering sense of empathy\, ignite compassion\, and instill a genuine desire for the well-being of all individuals affected by the ongoing situation.\nWe invited five speakers. They included Dr. Hazem Almassry\, an independent researcher from Gaza; Prof. Ruba Salih\, a professor of Anthropology at the University of Bologna\, Italy; Prof. Farid Alatas\, a professor of Sociology at the National University of Singapore\, Singapore; Prof. Alain Brossat\, an emeritus professor of Philosophy at Paris 8 University\, France; and Prof. Michael Furmanovsky\, a professor of Cultural Studies at Ryukoku University\, Japan.\nThe symposium\, held at the Humanities Building 2 (人社二館) F106 of National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University\, took place on January 15\, 2024 (Monday) from 17:00 to 19:40 Taipei Standard Time (GMT +8). It was coordinated by Kahlan A. Alradhi and Hanh T. L. Nguyen\, providing a platform for a comprehensive exploration of various perspectives on the Israel-Palestine conflict. \n講者簡介：\nDr. Hazem Almassry\nIs from Gaza and an independent researcher with a doctorate degree in social research and cultural studies from National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University\, Taiwan. He specializes in Middle East issues\, particularly the Arab Spring and its social\, political\, and economic impacts\, with a focus on democratic transition. He also researches political Islam movements and their influence on public life in the Arab world. Dr. Almassry has been invited to speak at institutes in Taiwan on his areas of expertise. \nProf. Ruba Salih\nIs a Professor of Anthropology at the Department of the Arts\, University of Bologna\, Italy. From 2010-2022 she was based at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS)\, University of London. Her research interests and writing cover transnational migration and diasporas across Europe\, the Middle East and North Africa\, Islam and gender\, the Palestine question and refugees\, trauma and conflict in the Middle East. She has been an elected Member of the Board of the Trustees of the Arab Council for the Social Sciences from 2015 to 2019. She has been a visiting scholar at Brown University\, at the University of Cambridge\, and at the University of Venice\, Ca’ Foscari\, Italy. \nProf. Syed Farid Alatas\nIs a Professor of Sociology at the National University of Singapore\, Singapore. He lectured at the University of Malaya in the Department of Southeast Asian Studies prior to joining NUS. His areas of interest are historical sociology\, the sociology of social science\, the sociology of religion\, and inter-religious dialogue. He has many books and research published and translated into several languages. His research interests span Philosophy of Social Science\, Sociological Theory\, and Political Economy. \nProf. Alain Brossat\nIs a philosopher. He is an emeritus professor at the Paris 8 University Vincennes-Saint-Denis. He is the author of many books\, notably The Term of Disaster\, The Body of the Enemy\, and To End the Prison. His research principally involves political philosophy and contemporary philosophy\, with the main axes being violence and politics\, forms of modern violence\, state(s)\, political systems\, totalitarian powers\, genocides\, and civil war(s). \nProf. Michael Furmanovsky\nIs a Professor of Cultural Studies at Ryukoku University\, Japan. He grew up in the close-knit Jewish community of Zimbabwe as the child of a Lithuanian Jewish immigrant and a German-Jewish mother. He lived in Israel for a year in the 1970s and hitchhiked through the West Bank. Although his academic work is in Japan Studies\, he has been following the Israeli-Palestine conflict and has been personally affected by it\, for over 50 years. \n研討會紀要：\nThe symposium began with the contribution of Dr. Hazem Almassry\, who comes from Gaza. He obtained a doctorate from the NYCU. He now lives in Taiwan with his wife and children\, while the rest of his family are still living in Gaza. Dr. Hazem shared a personal account\, providing a historical context of his experiences as a Gaza resident. His narrative reflects the extensive suffering endured by Palestinians under the oppression of the Zionist occupation. This suffering is evident in various aspects\, including land seizures\, displacement\, imposing sieges\, racist policies\, economic rights violations\, and the deprivation of basic services. Hazem highlighted key events such as the First Intifada (1987-1993)\, the Peace Process (1993-2000)\, the Great March of Return (2018-2019)\, the Second Intifada (2000-2005)\, and the blockade of the Gaza Strip and how these events affected the lived experiences of himself and his family. \nThroughout his presentation\, Hazem illustrated the general hardships faced by Gaza residents\, starting with mass displacement during the 1948 establishment of the Zionist state and the 1967 hostile and expansion war. His personal experiences included the destruction of his family’s farm\, the loss of classmates and colleagues during Israeli attacks\, water and electricity cuts\, and the comprehensive siege causing scarcity of essential resources and difficulty in moving\, traveling\, and obtaining an appropriate education or job. The recent collective annihilation war resulted in the death of his mother\, the destruction of his house\, and the scattering of his family members across different parts of the Strip. \nIn her presentation\, Prof. Ruba Salih underscores the ethical and political importance of contextualizing current events within the long-term history of injustices against Palestinians since 1948\, particularly in the ongoing Gaza conflict. She highlights how the oppressed\, especially Palestinians\, have faced epistemic violence\, limiting their visibility to Israeli perspectives. Critiquing the one-sided representation of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict post-October 7th\, she points to a new perspective that neglects historical context. Despite abundant scholarly studies on Palestine\, persistent denial of Palestinian erasure prevails. The author introduces DAVRO (Deny\, Attack\, and Reverse Victim and Offender) as a tool to understand epistemic violence\, stating\, ” How does the persistent denial of erasure in the case of Palestinians work? We might resort to psychoanalysis or to a particular form of narcissistic behavior known as DAVRO .” Lastly\, she stresses the ethical and political necessity of reorienting the world’s moral compass\, exposing the intertwined processes of humanization and dehumanization of both Jewish Israelis and Palestinians to recognize the equal value of all human lives. \nProf. Farid Alatas argued that it is appropriate to classify Israel as a settler colonial state\, aligning with the broader global discourse on this intricate and enduring conflict. Contrary to the prevailing narrative in the West\, the media\, and even in Malaysia\, which suggests an international conflict in Palestine as if there are two independent entities – Palestine and Israel\, the actual reality is different. In his words\, “The reality is that the whole of what we called Palestine is a colony with three forms of colonialism taking place – settler colonialism\, semi-colonialism and exploitation colonialism.” \nProf. Alain Brossat provided a Marxist analysis of the Israel/Palestine situation\, with four main talking points. First\, opposing the Western narrative framing the attack by Hamas on Israel on October 7\, 2023\, as the trigger of Israeli aggression on Gaza\, Prof. Brossat strongly established the attack as a retaliation for Israel’s oppression of Palestine in general and Gaza in particular. It is a response to ongoing bombings in Gaza\, violence against residents of the West Bank by settlers and the army\, and the desecration of Islamic holy sites\, particularly in Jerusalem. Second\, Prof. Brossat delineated terror as a recurring tool for asserting power and sovereignty\, highlighting the inseparable connection between politics and war. The situation in Israel/Palestine exemplifies this\, with the Palestinian population in Gaza enduring massive\, persistent\, and increasingly destructive forms of terror. Prof. Brossat further elaborated that\, today\, hegemony relies heavily on industrial-scale terror. In the third point\, he examined hegemony through narrative construction\, focusing on language and the portrayal of “terror” and “terrorism.” Narratives such as the “war against terrorism” attribute global and local disorders to terrorists\, framing them as forces of evil in opposition to Western “democracies”\, or forces of good. In his last talking point\, Prof. Brossat pointed out that the modern democracies in the West have been relatively successful in this “discursive swindle” because they have long portrayed themselves as peaceful\, emphasizing internal civility and efforts to eliminate violence. However\, if one is to consider the sufferings on the ground around the world at the hand of these “democracies” – invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan\, French military campaign in the Sahel\, major maneuvers intended to raise tensions in China Sea\, proxy war tirelessly fueled by Western powers in Ukraine\, etc. – their image of “civilization” and “democracy” falls apart. \nProf. Michael Furmanovsky offered personal reflections rather than academic or political analysis\, acknowledging the saturation of discourse on the Israel-Palestine conflict. Reflecting on his Jewish background\, he discussed his upbringing in a Zionist-Socialist youth movement and subsequent divergence from mainstream Zionist views. He highlighted the decline of leftist movements in Israel and frustration with their failure to build alliances with Arab Israeli communities. He attributed the shift to the right in Israeli politics to demographic changes and political miscalculations by leftist parties. He criticized the Israeli left for its inability to prevent the rise of right-wing leaders like Netanyahu and shared his personal experiences of estrangement from family members due to his political views. \nAfter all 5 speakers had delivered their speeches\, the floor was opened for questions and comments from the audience both online and on site. There were some questions about the role of the left in the U.S. in influencing Israeli state and society in their actions towards Gaza\, to which Prof. Furmanovsky responded that changes had to come from within Israel\, and from the U.S. government and\, to a lesser extent\, the Jewish communities in the U.S. and Europe. However\, there were also strong sentiments from most of the invited speakers and the audience that highlighted the agency of the Palestinian people\, and the strength of international communities in calling out Israel’s oppression and ethnic cleansing towards Palestinians in Gaza. \nThe concept of colonial settler colonialism sparked some disagreement among the speakers and participants. Nonetheless\, overall\, the symposium provided an opportunity for individuals to unite\, exchange their experiences\, and foster discussion and reflection. As coordinators of the symposium\, on this matter\, Kahlan Alradi and Hanh Nguyen both think that the BDS (boycott\, divestment\, sanctions) movement should be one of the main measures to pressure Israel to stop oppressing Palestinians. Israel will be a pariah state since the world has seen its crimes against humanity in Palestine. \nIn summary\, the symposium offered a diverse range of perspectives on the Israel-Palestine conflict\, providing valuable insights into the historical\, ethical\, political\, and personal dimensions of this intricate and enduring issue. Collectively\, these perspectives underscored the multifaceted nature of the Israel-Palestine conflict\, urging a comprehensive and nuanced approach to its analysis and resolution. \n 
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/will-this-world-ever-be-the-same-%ef%bc%86-perspectives-on-palestine-dialogues-on-history-humanity-and-hopereport-recording/
LOCATION:HA Building II\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Film Screening,Symposium
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20231218T140000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20231218T170000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240813T023621Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240813T023754Z
UID:54651-1702908000-1702918800@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Industrial-Scale Scamming Compounds and the Network of Outsourcing Recruitment Systems in the Labor Supply Chain
DESCRIPTION:Industrial-Scale Scamming Compounds and the Network of Outsourcing Recruitment Systems in the Labor Supply Chain \nDate: December 18\, 2023 \nVenue: Hybrid; 106A HA Building2\, 106A\, NYCU (Hsinchu Campus) \nModerator: Professor Joyce C.H. Liu (ICCS-NYCU) \nPresentations: \n“Online Scam Crime and Human Trafficking—Example of Taiwan” by Alicia Chen 陳映妤(Independent journalist); \n“Untangling The Hidden Recruitment System of The Southeast Asian Scamming Compounds Fueled by Human Trafficking” by Mina Chiang 江玉敏 (Founder and Director of Humanity Research Consultancy); \n“Social Media and Human Trafficking: Evidence from the Philippines” by Jorge V. Tigno & Jean S. Encinas-Franco (Professors at Department of Political Science\, University of the Philippines Diliman); \n“Regional CSO Advocacy towards the Development of ASEAN Guideline on the Placement and Protection of Migrant Fishers” by Daniel Awigra (Executive Director of Indonesia’s NGO Coalition for International Human Rights Advocacy). \nVideo Recording:Link \nForum Report: \nReport author: Qi Li (PhD student\, Institute of Social Research and Cultural Studies\, NYCU) \nOn December 18\, 2023\, the International Center for Cultural Studies held a hybrid forum under the topic “Industrial-Scale Scamming Compounds and the Network of Outsourcing Recruitment Systems in the Labor Supply Chain”. The forum invited independent journalists\, researchers\, and NGO activists who spent years tracing and compating the illegal recruitment network of online scamming compounds in Asian countries. \nStories of human trafficking victims \nIn recent years\, with the rapid proliferation of online scamming compounds in East and Southeast Asian countries\, including China\, Cambodia\, Indonesia\, Malaysia\, the Philippines\, Thailand\, Myanmar\, Laos\, and Taiwan\, international non-governmental organizations and media have reported a large scale of extralegal labor recruitment activities inside and outside the industrial-scale scamming compounds. Among such transnational labor outsourcing mobilizations\, thousands of people have been identified as victims of human trafficking. Alicia Chen\, an award-winning journalist specializing in forced migration\, forced labor\, and human rights\, conducted in-depth reports in collaboration with Taiwan-based media The Reporter. The series of stories\, published in 2022\, unfolds how Taiwanese people were trafficked to Cambodia’s scamming compounds. \nSihanoukville\, the southern coastal city of Cambodia\, was once the center of the Southeast Asian casino industry. The gambling industry was dominated by Chinese-run companies under the policy subsidies of the Belt and Road Initiative. But in January 2020\, the Cambodian government officially banned the online gambling industry. Since then\, gambling factories have sought all kinds of ways to continue their business in Cambodia and bordering countries. They gradually turned to operating more profitable online scamming businesses and developed an abusive working system fueled by transnational human trafficking networks. \nAccording to Alicia’s report\, between June 2021 and August 2022\, Taiwan authorities claim that almost 5\,000 citizens have been recorded traveling to Cambodia and not returning. Police statistics show at least 370 Taiwanese people were treated against their will. Only about 50 people had returned to Taiwan. The testimony of victims unfolds how they have been trafficked\, extorted\, terrified\, and abused by agents and compound operators. Surviving victims\, especially women in precarious social and financial conditions\, did not receive enough support after they returned home. The marginalized groups in society have a higher possibility of being targeted in such illicit recruiting forms. A more robust safety net must be taken into consideration in controlling the crimes. \nThe hidden recruitment system \nMina Chiang\, Director of Humanity Research Consultancy\, offered detailed evidence about the operation of the hidden recruitment system in the Southeast Asian Scamming Compounds driven by human trafficking. The transnational recruitment network\, involving source countries trafficking groups\, scammers\, scam company managers and owners\, compound owners\, and local authorities\, has run for years. Screenshots of Telegram group chats provided by Mina show posts openly recruiting or searching for scam jobs. These groups are performed as a free trade market for purchasing and supplying laborers. Generally\, in the compounds\, the price of a frontline laborer is 15\,000 to 30\,000 dollars. Such a recruitment system of the fraud business\, in Mina’s observation\, is a system that allows criminals to recruit new criminals. \nNot all businesses in the compounds are illegal. Some legal services also play a part in the organized crimes of human trafficking and scam businesses. For instance\, though sanctioned by the US Treasury’s Office for serious human rights abuse\, corruption\, and suspicious military use\, the Sino-Cambodian collaborative construction project\, Dara Sakor\, a special economic zone for luxury resorts and tourist businesses\, is still available for reservation on some travel platforms. \nDiverse methods are applied to recruit victims from countries far away. Traffickers would pretend to be potential clients\, leaving recruitment messages on legal and major job-matching websites\, job-matching groups\, social media\, and personal networks. Reported cases indicate that some victims were kidnapped by organized criminal groups. A trafficking route provided by a Taiwanese victim survivor\, who was sold from one Cambodian compound to another Myanmar compound\, shows that the crime was operated on the borders of Cambodia\, Thailand\, and Myanmar. Victims are forced to carry on work such as fraud platform models\, sex providers\, security guards\, and agents. From Mina and her colleagues’ investigation\, victims from China and African countries are treated in the worst working conditions\, while victims from Latin America and South Asia are forced to act as models and security guards\, respectively. \nThe role of social media in human trafficking \nProfessor Jorge V. Tigno and Professor Jean S. Encinas-Franco at the Department of Political Science\, University of the Philippines Diliman\, offered statistical research results and media analysis on the role of social media in the evolving human trafficking businesses in the Philippines. \nFacebook is the top social media platform in the Philippines\, containing over 95 million users (accounts) across the country. It becomes a primary means for human traffickers to entice and recruit victims. Traffickers post attractive and pleasant scenes of the destination country (for example\, Thailand) to lure job seekers into the scenarios of the global imagination\, convincing them that it is not going for work but an enjoyable travel experience. The job descriptions are usually vague\, with unofficial email addresses. Moreover\, the job openings are usually close to border areas. As one hiring post by “Filipino Jobs in Thailand” shows\, the company is recruiting high school teachers\, and the job location is in Phetchaburi\, a border province of Myanmar. Another popular location is Nongkhai on the Thai border with Laos. Being close to the border makes it easier to pass to Laos\, Cambodia\, and Myanmar without drawing people’s attention. \nThe trafficking of a group of people\, based on their observation\, is more profitable than trafficking individuals. Human traffickers are becoming more and more linked with transnational organized crimes\, particularly the Chinese mafia who have connections with POGOs (Philippine Offshore Gaming Corporations). The job type of human trafficking in the Philippines also changed a lot. Previous victims were forced to work in 3D (dirty\, dangerous\, demanding) jobs. Nowadays\, victims are forced to take 3D office jobs in illegal sectors\, e.g. online or call center scams. Trapped in the compounds\, they are forced to overwork and usually have their wages withheld or unpaid. Some of them even end up with huge debts to the scam companies. \nSimilar to what Mina has pointed out\, legal and illegal recruitment both exist in the job offering system related to the scam industry. Identifying the illicit part of the recruitment activities is complicated\, especially on social media platforms. Social media has become one of the significant methods for large-scale recruitment by organized criminal groups. \nThe collective reaction to human rights abuse \nThe last sharing was made by Daniel Awigra\, the Executive Director of Indonesia’s NGO Coalition for International Human Rights Advocacy (HRWG) and co-founder of Better Engagement Between East and Southeast Asia (BEBESEA). He introduced the recent cross-regional collaboration on countering human rights abuse in Southeast Asian countries. \nMigrant workers from Southeast Asian countries experience various aspects of vulnerability in a globalized labor market. A considerable amount of Southeast Asian migrants have been exposed to conditions of forced labor and human trafficking in labor-intensive industries. For example\, an investigation by the Indonesian Migrant Workers Trade Union (SBMI) indicates that between 2015 and 2020\, in the fishery sector\, Indonesian fishers were experiencing long hours of work with unpaid wages and poor labor conditions that\, in some cases\, resulted in death. Exploitation and deprivation of human rights of migrant fishers often take place in distant waters\, Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs)\, and bordering seas. The lack of legal protection and the cross-regional jurisdictional conflict aggravate the vulnerability of migrant workers. \nThe emergent transborder cybercrime operations added more complexity to the present modern slavery phenomena in Southeast Asian regions. Existing regulations in many Southeast Asian countries have “in large part” failed to respond adequately to the changing online scam operations since the pandemic. It is estimated that the total amount of cybercrime entities has equaled the third-largest economy in the world. The global expenditure on cybercrime is predicted to reach 10.5 trillion dollars by 2025.[1] The huge profit provides motivation to transnational organized criminals of building the illegal labor supply chain. In May 2023\, AESAN leaders adopted the declaration on Combating Trafficking in Persons caused by The Abuse of Technology. The sharing concerns by the declaration focus on the “use and abuse of social media and other online platform in every step of Trafficking in Persons activities\, from profiling\, recruiting\, controlling and exploiting of the victims to the laundering of proceeds of the crime.” \nHow can cross-regional advocacy work to eliminate human rights abuse? Awigra proposed a CSO-led process that contributes to facilitating the regional commitment among ASEAN policymakers. He took the collaborative advocacy on migrant fisher’s rights protection as an example. Following the adoption of the ASEAN Declaration on the Placement and Protection of Migrant Fishers (May 2023)\, a regional civil society consultation was held in Jakarta in August 2023. About 25 organizations collectively put forward a proposal for the ASEAN Guidelines on the Placement and Protection of Migrant Fishers and Members of Their Families. The proposed guidelines include provisions to ensure the prevention of rights violations\, protection\, and effective remedies for migrant fishers. Referencing the regional advocacy toward reducing forced labor in fishery sectors\, Awigra emphasized the significance of strengthening the National Referral Mechanism (NRM) network in combating human trafficking of online scam crimes. The NRM is a framework for identifying and referring potential victims of modern slavery and ensuring they receive the appropriate support. Without a referral mechanism among countries involved in transnational cybercrimes\, it is very challenging for particular organizations to keep people away from the compounds. Altogether\, to raise awareness of the criminal nature of recruitment in the scam industry is the most urgent issue. Instead of welcoming scam compounds as foreign direct investment and neglecting the de facto human trafficking and labor abuse in the country\, governments should take responsibility for cutting off the transport of illegal labor outsourcing. \nIn the discussion section\, audiences share their observations on the transnational operation of the recruitment system from the source country\, such as China and Indonesia\, to Cambodian and Myanmar scamming compounds. The proliferation of modern slavery caused by transnational cybercrimes is calling for immediate reactions against human rights abuse and labor exploitation. \n[1] https://www.independent.co.uk/advisor/vpn/cybercrime-statistics
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/industrial-scale-scamming-compounds-and-the-network-of-outsourcing-recruitment-systems-in-the-labor-supply-chain-report-video-recording/
LOCATION:Virtual Event
CATEGORIES:Workshop
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20231111T140000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20231111T160000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240812T122013Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240813T031928Z
UID:54646-1699711200-1699718400@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Tibetan Refugees in Taiwan’s Court: Citizenship and Human Rights[Report  Recording]
DESCRIPTION:Tibetan Refugees in Taiwan’s Court: Citizenship and Human Rights\n西藏難民在台灣的法庭：公民身份認定與人權議題 \n時間Time：2023年11月11日（六） 14:00-16:00 \n地點Venue：陽明交通大學 光復校區 人社三館HC103 \n主辦單位：國立陽明交大文化研究國際中心、「遷移、不平等公民、批判法律研究」研究群、陽明交大人社系 \n主持人：潘美玲（ 國立陽明交通大學人文社會學系教授） \n來賓：札西慈仁（西藏台灣人權連線秘書長）、林欣怡（西藏台灣人權連線常務理事長）、賴彥蓉（台灣人民促進會難民議題專員）、黃怡碧（人權公約施行公約聯盟執行長） \n活動側記 Forum Report： \n文／張雅祺（國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所碩士生） \n札西慈仁：作為流亡出身的第二代藏人，從未忘記最初的目標。\n1998年，達賴喇嘛第一次訪臺灣之後，札西慈仁初抵台灣，當時他未曾想過有一天會取得台灣的身分證，僅期望能在台灣成立一些與西藏相關的組織。然而2001年達賴喇嘛再度來台，臺灣政府為表示歡迎與尊重，台灣總統特赦了包括札西慈仁在內的125名在台藏人，使他們獲得台灣的國籍。儘管有這些進展，台灣仍未通過難民法，尚未為所有藏人提供完整的法律保障。持尼泊爾護照而來台的藏人可能隨時面臨遣返的風險，這也是本次活動中未取得台灣居由資格的三名藏人將要面對的命運。但細究原因，這些藏人之所以使用尼泊爾護照，是因為西藏並沒有自己的護照，使所有藏人在來台時只能使用尼泊爾和印度的護照。如果這三位在台藏人被遣返回尼泊爾，尼泊爾政府勢必將他們交付給中國政府，進一步威脅他們的生命安全。在這樣的困境中，身為難民的藏人更需要來自各族群、自由國家的共鳴與理解，也需要民眾以及社會各界的支持和幫助。 \n黃怡碧：藏人在台居留之法律動員\n隨著解嚴後政權交替，達賴喇嘛來台弘法，臺灣的總統兩度「特赦」在台藏人，取得台灣國籍。然而當時政府仍認西藏是中華民國一部分，在台藏人係以中華民國無戶籍國民身分取得居留資格。2009年政黨合作下出現了重大轉變，入出國及移民法第16條第四項修法首次以(1)2008年前進入中華民國國境(2)印度或尼泊爾地區之無國籍人(3)經蒙藏委員會認定藏人之身分(4)未能令其出國等四要件來認定來自印度、尼泊爾入國者為無國籍人。\n難民法在台推動20多年仍無法通過，而入出國及移民法第16條第四項於2016年之修法僅針對期限放寬至2016年以前入境者，然而在台藏人身分認定之構成要件並無任何變動。是以本此活動所討論案件之爭點即包括該三名持尼泊爾護照之在台藏人是否為無國籍人，是否能令其出國。後因其所持護照經鑑定後為真，且有出入他國之證明，因此法院以此認定當事人非為無國籍人，亦無未能遣返理由，不符合入出國及移民法第16條第四項之要件。\n截至目前為止，尼泊爾案已確定敗訴，未來將考慮提起憲法訴訟，為其爭取居留身分。同時亦將持續關注與難民、在台藏人相關法律之發展，期待台灣政府與藏人行政中央建立更堅固、信賴的關係，改善藏人身分認定之困境。 \n賴彥蓉：台灣難民法之發展\n台灣非聯合國會員，也無難民公約的締約國地位，導致台灣在難民議題上缺乏國際協助資源，國內也缺乏相應法律和統計數據，而長期面臨困境。台灣難民法草案雖於2005年時第一次提案，但一直未進一步審議，持續延宕至今。國家人權行動計畫雖承諾2024年會將難民法草案送入立法院，然而時至今日仍進展停滯。\n在台藏人地位歷經時期變遷，身份模糊使其處境更難。政府機關相互推卸權責，且因缺乏完整難民制度法源，使審查標準不一，又現行法亦僅適用於2016年前入臺藏人。加之台灣認定難民之標準亦與國際上之標準不同，因此未來立法時建議參考難民地位公約、公民與政治權利國際公約、禁止酷刑公約，將遣返風險群體擴及所有可能遭受迫害的人，並呼籲未來制定難民法，以明確法源依據與相關保護措施，使得有遭迫害風險的族群得以在台生存。 \n林欣怡：當接受藏人朋友的感謝時，感到的更多是羞愧和難過，因為我們沒有做的更好。\n2019年5月27日，台灣有19名藏人，其中13人獲得居留身分，但有六人未能取得，在移民署未明示理由的情況下，造成眾人對於差異的疑惑。\n多次陪同藏人陳情，或協助應訊，發現官員或者司法系統對於在台藏人處境感到驚異，這個驚異的感覺是來自於實在是荒謬到無法理解。對於台灣人而言，因擁有方便的台灣護照，故難以共情理解在台藏人身分缺乏的困境。因此在尼泊爾案中，法院未充分考慮當事人的困境，致使裁判未能理解在台藏人的狀況，影響判決正確性。\n對美好生活的嚮往是每個人的權利，許多藏人選擇了台灣作為重新開始的地方，然而台灣並非如預期中的友善，許多在台藏人為取得居留身分，而使時光白白消逝。對於這六位在台藏人未取得台灣居留權之結果雖表遺憾，卻仍期待未來可能有正向的結果，往後也將提供在台藏人更多支持，希望有機會能為那六名未取得居留身分的藏人爭取其應有的權利。 \n結語\n藏人在台灣身分模糊之遭遇本身就是承受了台灣模糊定位之結果，因此儘管在台藏人的人數相當的少，但此議題卻反映了整個台灣本身定位之困境，不可謂不重要。本次活動所討論的尼泊爾案，證明了台灣在難民身分認定上，法律標準與實際難民情況、國際上標準之落差，因此未來該如何朝向更加符合國際人權標準之法規政策邁進，是台灣刻不容緩的議題。
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/tibetan-refugees-in-taiwans-court-citizenship-and-human-rights/
LOCATION:HA Building III\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Workshop
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/2023-11-11-poster.jpeg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20220622T160000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20220622T173000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240812T071246Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240812T071247Z
UID:54636-1655913600-1655919000@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:無國籍與勞動剝削: 歐洲與台灣之對話 Statelessness and Labour Exploitation[Video Recording]
DESCRIPTION:英國朴茨茅斯大學研究未來網路研討會 University of Portsmouth Democratic Citizenship Research Theme\, Research Future Webinar Series & 國立陽明交通大學「法律、人權與跨國勞動力流動」主題工作坊系列之三 Human Rights and Transnational Labor Mobility Workshop Series 3 \n無國籍與勞動剝削: 歐洲與台灣之對話 Statelessness and Labour Exploitation \n時間：2022/6/22（三）16：00-17：30（臺北時間GMT+8） \nLanguage: English \nPanel: \n主持人Moderators: \n– Prof. Joyce C.H. Liu (ICCS\, NYCU) 國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心主任 劉紀蕙教授\n– Dr. Bonny Ling\, Executive Director\, Work Better Innovations; Senior Non-resident Fellow\, University of Nottingham Taiwan Studies Programme; Research Fellow\, Institute for Human Rights and Business. \n主講人Speaker: \n– Prof Dr Leïla Choukroune\, Professor of International Law and Director of the University of Portsmouth Thematic Area in Democratic Citizenship.\n– Michiel Hoornick\, Fast Track MA/PhD candidate of International Law\, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva; and External Consultant for the Institute for Statelessness and Inclusion. \n與談人Discussants: \n– Assoc. Prof. Yu-Fan Chiu (School of Law\, NYCU) 國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所 邱羽凡副教授 \n活動簡介Abstract: \nThe 1954 UN Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons defines statelessness as the situation where a person “is not considered as a national by any State under the operation of its law”. Excluded from the administrative framework of the state\, statelessness has very real consequences affecting the lives of the estimated 10 to 15 million stateless persons worldwide\, according to varying estimates from the UN and international civil society. There is often no birth registration\, marriage certificate\, passport and personal ID as proofs of the person’s existence. This can make it difficult\, sometimes impossible\, for a stateless person to access education\, healthcare and financial services. Over half of the global statelessness population are believed to be in the Asia-Pacific. This is a serious challenge\, given the region’s prominence in the global supply chain and the link that exists between human trafficking and statelessness. Stateless persons often take jobs in the informal economy and work outside of labour protections. This webinar is a legal and practical discussion on the link between statelessness and labour exploitation. It is a timely examination of the legal concept of “citizenship”\, as well as a discussion on the advocacy avenues available\, both nationally and at the UN\, to bring more awareness on the human rights situation of the world’s stateless population. \n活動錄影 Video Recording:link
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/%e7%84%a1%e5%9c%8b%e7%b1%8d%e8%88%87%e5%8b%9e%e5%8b%95%e5%89%9d%e5%89%8a-%e6%ad%90%e6%b4%b2%e8%88%87%e5%8f%b0%e7%81%a3%e4%b9%8b%e5%b0%8d%e8%a9%b1-statelessness-and-labour-exploitationvideo-recording/
LOCATION:Virtual Event
CATEGORIES:Workshop
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/png:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/2022-06-22-poster.png
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20220420T150000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20220420T170000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240812T064221Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240812T070304Z
UID:54622-1650466800-1650474000@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Can Equal Protection for Workers Transcend State Borders? —The Hard Case of Temporary Migrant Worker Program [Report Recording]
DESCRIPTION:「法律、人權與跨國勞動力流動」主題工作坊系列之二：暫時性跨國移工制度為何是國際勞動平權的難題？ \nHuman right and Transnational Labor Mobility Workshop Series 2: Can Equal Protection for Workers Transcend State Borders? —The Hard Case of Temporary Migrant Worker Program \n講者：中央研究院法律學研究所助研究員 楊雅雯 \nSpeaker: Ya-Wen Yang (Assistant Research Professor\, Institutum Iurisprudentiae\, Academia Sinica) \n主持人：國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心主任 劉紀蕙教授、國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所副教授 邱羽凡 \nModerators: Prof. Joyce C.H. Liu (ICCS\, NYCU)\, Assoc. Prof. Yu-Fan Chiu (School of Law\, NYCU) \n與談人：國立臺灣海洋大學海洋政策碩士學位學程助理教授 蔡沛倫、中央研究院博士後研究學者 Samia Dinkelaker \nDiscussants: Asst. Prof. Pei-Lun\, Tsai (National Taiwan Ocean University)\, Dr. Samia Dinkelaker (Postdoctoral Fellow\, Institute of Ethnology of Academia Sinica) \n時間：2022/4/20（三）15：00—17：00（臺北時間） \nDate & Time: 2022/4/20 (Wednesday)\, 15:00-17:00 (TAIPEI TIME\, GMT+8) \n活動側記 Forum Report： \n文/張文祈（國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所碩士生） \n2022年4月20日，由國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心、科技法律研究所主辦的「法律、人權與跨國勞動力流動」主題系列工作坊之二：「暫時性跨國移工制度為何是國際勞動平權的難題？」於本校人社三館101教室與線上同步舉行。本次主題由中央研究院法律學研究所楊雅雯助研究員擔任主講人，並由國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心主任劉紀蕙教授，以及國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所副教授邱羽凡共同擔任主持人，主辦單位並邀請到臺灣海洋大學海洋政策碩士學位學程蔡沛倫助理教授、中央研究院博士後研究員Samia Dinkelaker博士，共同擔任與談人，共同就我國之移工制度勞動平權難題進行深入熱烈的討論。 \n主講人楊雅雯老師在演講一開始即指出，臺灣官方政策往往宣稱國民待遇原則、公平正義原則的保障，在我國的移工亦享有平等的勞動保護，也一體適用我國大多數的勞動法規，但是在2013年兩公約審查的結論中，審查委員仍提醒我國移工的權益仍遭忽視，顯示出法律平等的承諾與移工現況之間仍存有落差。移工同時具備「外國人」、「勞工」的雙重矛盾身分，因此在國家行使國境管制的公權力時，其平等權在結構上已經產生侷限與不穩定性。而經社文公約和ILO第111號公約皆已國內法化，外籍移工即應受工作權與勞動條件之保障，亦確立對外國人之勞動權的一般性平等保護。 \n不過，楊雅雯助研究員進而指出，邊境控制作為一種管制勞動力流動的勞動政策，對本國人與外國人的勞動權卻得予以差別待遇，彼此之間便形成緊張、衝突的關係。在此結構性的背景下，盡可能地讓勞工身分與外國人身分二領域分離，讓勞動法的保障能夠不受干擾地實踐，即是目前人權法對移工保障所應提供的最佳指導原則。臺灣暫時性移工制度於1992年制定，其政策目標可參照就業服務法第42條——旨在避免引進移工後將妨礙本國人之就業機會、勞動條件、國民經濟發展及社會安定，而國家為了引進「穩定、健康、彈性又柔順」的勞動力，透過跨國出入境流程過濾與控制，並將這個權力交到雇主與仲介手上，從強制定期契約、健康檢查、禁止轉職與行方控制四個措施觀察，都顯現國境管制未能與勞動平權之目的相互衡平。因此，楊雅雯助研究員最後提出建議，國境管制應止步於國境，隨著移工入境後，應盡可能將其納入一般勞動法、衛生防疫等法秩序來加以規範，方為保障我國、外國勞工勞動條件的根本之道！ \n \n與談人蔡沛倫老師先從國際公約的角度切入，指出我國已將數公約國內法化，解釋兩公約時的一般性意見亦能在國際人權公約體系中相互援引，其中的人權法義務則應包括三種類型：尊重、保護與實現。然而，未將《保護所有移徙工人及其家庭成員權利國際公約》國內法化，使得我國的移工保障法制存有缺陷，目前至多只符合第一類型的義務。而移工議題除與人權、勞動法相關，亦涉及企業責任與僱傭關係的法領域。在國境管制的討論上也可考慮擴張至國家主權的層次；人口流動的範疇則更涵擴移民、人口販運或難民問題，因此國境管制除了作為勞工政策的一環，同時也具跨國組織犯罪防範、受害者援助和保障等目的。而各個國際組織近年透過硬法、軟法在不同領域間的合作與推動，企圖保障在跨國流動下的弱勢族群，或強化國家之間的取締與合作、政府人員的訓練等，應得作為我國參考學習之方向。 \n \n與談人Dinkelaker博士首先回應在亞洲移民制度中，邊境管制措施在控制勞動力的流動方面發揮關鍵功能，並成為剝削移工勞動力、實現利潤最大化的技術，同時亦進一步指出，勞動力流動的控制已延伸至移民輸出國。她以印尼之移工法規，以及招聘機構、政府機關和其他相關單位的手段為例，1990 年代經濟危機之後，印尼政府始大規模採取暫時性移民政策，作為應對失業、創造外匯收入的措施，卻持續遭致批評；之後陸續於2004 年、2017 年修訂的新法規仍未能有效改善過高的服務費、強制或非法仲介等問題。此外，職前培訓中心亦透過對移工的自由、自主性之過度限制和剝奪，來強化人力資源的管理，同時亦讓移工提前對未來惡劣的工作條件做好心理準備。對此問題，Dinkelaker博士指出Jonathan Parhusip博士生所研究的「拒絕剝削體系」或值參考。此一體系訴諸於移工與其社群、非政府組織、非法仲介商和計程車司機之間的聯結，方得以在跨國移工制度的不穩定性中「創造自由」。 \n \n在綜合討論中，觀眾與主持人劉紀蕙教授與邱羽凡副教授均提出疑問，包括如何制度性的解決人力短期缺工問題，楊雅雯老師認為或可採行外展制度、國家間的直接引入；至於限制平等權或差別待遇的界線為何，則認應以勞動者身分為重心，或該行為是否出於「恣意」來進行判斷。蔡沛倫老師則認應以法條中的原則和例外條款、必要性以及比例原則作為依歸，同時配合政策評估和部會協調措施。就與會者所關心的具體改善移工處遇的政策問題，楊雅雯老師認為可以盡可能提高移工的居留權。Dinkelaker博士則建議應讓移工在組織中取得自主、獨立性和協商能力，同時確保其能在自身社群或交友圈中相互扶持，最後再次強調跨國比較與討論的重要性，並將各國的文化和流動性納入考慮，以促使國家能夠尋找出更妥適的規範框架。 \n \n \n 
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/human-right-and-transnational-labor-mobility-workshop-series-2-can-equal-protection-for-workers-transcend-state-borders-the-hard-case-of-temporary-migrant-worker-program-report-recording/
LOCATION:HA Building III\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Workshop
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/2022-04-20-poster-scaled.jpeg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20220316T150000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20220316T170000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240812T054421Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240813T031958Z
UID:54611-1647442800-1647450000@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Human right and Transnational Labor Mobility Workshop Series: Non-Flag State’s Strategies for Human Rights Protection of Migrant Fishermen: Issues and Practice in Taiwan Law [Report Recording]
DESCRIPTION:「法律、人權與跨國流動」主題工作坊系列：非船旗國之漁民工人權議題對策之一：台灣的實踐與課題 \n主講人：台灣海洋大學海洋法政蘇州學程助理教授楊名豪 \nSpeaker: Asst. Prof. Ming-Hao Yang (National Taiwan Ocean University) \n主持人：國立陽明交通大學文化研究中心主任劉紀蕙教授、國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所邱羽凡副教授 \nModerators: Prof. Joyce C.H. Liu (ICCS\, NYCU)\, Assoc. Prof. Yu-Fan Chiu (School of Law\, NYCU) \n時間：2022/3/16（三）15：00—17：00（台北時間） \nDate & Time: 2022/3/16 (Wednesday)\, 15:00-17:00 (TAIPEI TIME\, GMT+8) \n地點：國立陽明交通大學光復聯合人社三館101教室，提供線上同步網址 \nLocation: HC Building III Room101\, NYCU GuangFu Campus\, providing online participation using ZOOM (Webinar). \n活動側記 Forum Report： \n文/何西雅 \n2017年1月，為落實「黃牌」的遠洋漁業三法（《遠洋漁業條例》、《投資經營非我國民漁船管理條例》、《漁業法部分條文》）上路，迄今修改施行已有五年餘，歐盟的「黃牌」也於2019年6月終止。改善了呢？ \n國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心、國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所主辦「法律、人權與跨國流動」第一主題工作坊系列的場講座，由國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心主任之一劉紀蕙教授，以及國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所副教授邱羽凡共同擔任主持人，並邀請了國立台灣海洋大學海洋法政天主教課程楊名豪助理教授以「非船旗國的漁民權問題對立」 ：台灣的實作與主題」為主題，分享他的研究與觀察。 \n「黃牌」風暴 \n2015年10月，歐盟認定台灣漁業舉報IUU（非法（Illegal）、未通報（Unreported）、未受規範（Unregulated））行為，違反「預防、制止和消除IUU國際行動計畫」（IPOA-IUU） ，由此對台灣的遠洋漁業發布了「黃牌」警告。 ，這將大幅打擊台灣遠洋漁業的經濟產值。 \n楊名豪老師通報了當時歐盟發布的文件，整理出對歐盟台灣黃牌發布的三大主要原因：IUU船舶及相關貿易的反復活動、未能合作及實施相應措施、未能履行國際規則。 -IUU下來的，但並沒有保證政府的控制能力，也沒有建立完整的區域漁業組織規範的法律框架、確保監測與控制、監督的全面性與效果。 \n同時，遠洋漁業監管問題的「深水區」──權宜船，也是歐盟關注的焦點之一。 \n漁業監管的深水區：權宜船 \n「權宜船」指船東貿易重點地區對漁獲、倉庫、稅法等相關規定，將船舶入籍其他監管鬆散的國家，例如萬那杜、貝里斯、索羅門、巴拿馬等。台灣的遠洋漁船一掛上其他國家的旗子，台灣就成了「非船旗國」，幾乎失去了對這些船隻捕撈及其捕撈行為的監管能力。 \n「海洋法很重要的一個基礎，就是『船旗國主義』。」楊名豪老師說明，「船旗國主義」首先來自於貿易自由的需要，讓航行的自由、飢餓的安全必須得到保證。 \n1982年的《海洋法公約》第91條，便將「各國賦予船舶國籍的條件」交由各國國內法訂定，並在第94至98條規範了船旗國的義務，包含有效地無管制管理、技術及社會事務上的分區及控制，以及保障船員的勞動條件。 \n然而，尊崇船旗國實現管理的能力，卻可有未落實，更遑論有些國家可能完全怠於規範或控制。有一些限制。 所以就產生了權宜船的現象，為了規避船東母國的控制，跑到註冊費用比較低、行政管理比較鬆散的國家去作登記。 \n楊名老師說，權宜船的出現可以追溯到17世紀時，英國的船隊為了航行到法國的領地，便以換旗的方式規避大不列顛活動的控制。英國援助隊，方面擔心違反中立法規，也以換旗的方式規避相關規定。 \n「現代型的權宜船，主要達到比較多的經濟目的，它可以取得噸的勞動力、減少稅負、減少行政成本、壓低建造成本、抑制運費費用、分散風險、提供廉價的海運服務等等。 \n楊名豪老師認為，權宜船造成的負面影響，恐怕是更多的。之後，“船東是A國、船公司是B國、管理公司是C國、登記國家是D國，情況這麼複雜，事故後的訴訟程序會很複雜，證據、責任的確認也很複雜。” \n作為「非船旗國」：台灣的實踐與挑戰 \n若「船旗國」監管、打擊IUU漁業是困難的，而且會從事IUU漁業期待的船隻，往往還會跟毒品走私、組織犯罪、非法入境、人口販運、強迫勞動等問題扣連在一起，那能如何彌補？ \n「非船旗國」打擊IUU漁業，首先可以採用傳統的方式，透過海上查緝、登檢可疑船隻。 \n第二，是獲港口國的裝備，「這些從事IUU漁業的船隻，是希望漁民能夠為它帶來經濟上的利益，如果我不讓漁民進入獲準市場，就可以發展利益的鏈結。」於是國可以採取拒絕入港、限制轉發，或在該船入港後給予限制措施。 \n第三，從市場國的角度來說，可以建立水產標章履歷溯源，「可能有一些沒有直接辦法證明有問題，但我們去認證比較優秀的，符合規定的業者的產品。」楊名豪老師認為，讓消費者去注意與選擇，也是一個很重要的方法。 \n回到經驗台灣。 》非我國民漁船許可辦法》中，後續有將強迫勞動、人口加入廢止許可的範圍內。 \n事實上，在歐盟節慶推出「黃牌」後，台灣政府採取了多項措施：制定遠洋漁業三法、推動遠洋漁船全面安裝設置電子漁小時獲報系統、建立24個遠洋漁業監控中心、落實卸載魚報表機制、增聘漁業檢查員與海上觀察員等，並終於加強水產品之可追溯性，同時強化與台灣漁業關聯性的上述22個國家的合作安排。這張清單「黃牌」。 \n \n楊名豪老師強調仍有一些尚待解決的議題。 \n首先，有人提出廢除宜船權制度的建議。 ？ \n其次，政府環協調與對外館調查會遇到許多困難。 \n第三，雖然現在已經有了產品認證制度，但最終關鍵是消費者買不買帳。 「這兩條魚看起來是一樣的東西，為什麼我要多花五塊十塊去買這個？」我們必須思考如何啟發消費者的意識，否則，做得再漂亮、再多的廠商願意配合，可能都是徒勞無功。 \n第四，台灣正在推動國際勞工組織的C188號桌面（關於漁業部門工作的桌面）國內法化，但要以哪個機關為權利責任單位？署長期在管理漁工僱傭，它的管理經驗比較完整。 \n最後，楊名豪老師強調，雖然以船旗國主義主導的海洋法秩序是繞不開的，但也可以從市場國、港口國、船東國等不同角度切入，「我們應該窮盡一切方式去」努力，才可以解決外籍漁工所面臨的困境。
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/non-flag-states-strategies-for-human-rights-protection-of-migrant-fishermen-issues-and-practice-in-taiwan-law/
LOCATION:HA Building III\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Workshop
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/png:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/2022-03-16-poster.png
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20211119T130000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20211119T170000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240729T061535Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240729T061535Z
UID:54514-1637326800-1637341200@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Future Labor Policies on Migrant Fishers and Flag of Convenience [Report / Video Recording]
DESCRIPTION:Future Labor Policies on Migrant Fishers and Flag of Convenience  \n權宜船、海上勞動政策與外籍漁工勞權保障工作坊 \n活動日期：2021年或11月19日（五）12:50~17:00 (臺北時間) \nDate & Time: 2021/11/19 (Friday)\, 12:50~17:00 (TAIPEI TIME) \n活動地點：線上活動，將以ZOOM連線進行。 \n語言：中文演講(提供英文口譯) \nLanguage: Lecture in Mandarin (English Interpretation provided) \n活動簡介 Abstract \n臺灣的遠洋漁業實力在全球名列前矛，擁有逾1\,100 艘遠洋漁船，境外聘僱的外籍漁工人數逾2萬人，然而這些為台灣漁業帶來豐厚產值的外籍漁工，卻在遠洋漁船上面臨人口販運和強迫勞動的危險，或在「權宜船」上遭受層層剝削。面對海上勞動人權的重大危機，本工作坊將分別就「權宜船、台灣遠洋漁工勞權政策與國際人權保障」以及「海上勞動政策與漁工勞動權益」二大主題，進行法律與社會的對話，以提高外籍漁工的勞動與人權保障。 \nTaiwan’s offshore fishing industry ranks among the top in the world. There are more than 1\,100 offshore fishing boats and 20\,000 foreign fishermen employed overseas. However\, these foreign fishermen\, who have brought huge output to Taiwan’s fisheries\, are facing the dangers of human trafficking and forced labor on fishing vessels\, or are being terribly exploited in FOC vessels. In the face of this major crisis of maritime labors\, the two major themes—”Flag of Convenience\, Labor Policies on Migrant Fishers and International Human Rights”\, and “Labor Policies of Fishing Industries and Labor Rights of Fishers”—will be discussed in this workshop with a dialogue between Law and the Society to improve the labor and human rights protection for foreign fishermen. \nAgenda: \n開幕 Opening \n劉紀蕙教授（文化研究國際中心，國立陽明交通大學） Prof. Joyce C.H. Liu (ICCS\, NYCU) 張文貞教授暨院長（國立陽明交通大學科技法律學院） Dean and Prof. Wen-Chen Chang (School of Law\, NYCU) \n主題一：權宜船、台灣遠洋漁工勞權政策與國際人權保障 \nPanel 1. Flag of Convenience\,  Labor Policies on Migrant Fishers and International Human Rights \n主持人：    劉紀蕙教授（文化研究國際中心，國立陽明交通大學） \nChair:       Prof. Joyce C.H. Liu (ICCS\, NYCU) \n報告人：    李于彤主任（綠色和平海洋專案） \n邱羽凡副教授（國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所） \nSpeakers:    Yuton Lee (Greenpeace Ocean Project) \nAssoc. Prof. Yu-Fan Chiu (School of Law\, NYCU) \n與談人：翁燕菁副教授 (國立政治大學政治學系)、張文貞教授暨院長（國立陽明交通大學科技法律學院）、李麗華秘書長（宜蘭縣漁工職業工會） \nDiscussants:  Assoc. Prof. Vivianne Weng (Department of Political Science\, NCCU) \nDean and Prof. Wen-Chen Chang (School of Law\, NYCU) \nAllison Lee (Yilan Migrant Fishermen Union) \n主題二：海上勞動政策與漁工勞動權益 \nPanel 2. Labor Policies of Fishing Industries and Labor Rights of Fishers \n主持人：邱羽凡副教授（國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所） \nChair: Assoc. Prof. Yu-Fan Chiu (School of Law\, NYCU) \n報告人：林良榮副教授（國立政治大學法律系） \nSpeaker: Assoc. Prof. Liang-Jung Lin (College of Law\, NCCU) \n與談人：紀惠容委員（監察委員兼國家人權委員會）、施逸翔秘書長（台灣人權促進會） \nDiscussants:  Hui-Jung Chi (Member of Control Yuan and National Human Rights Commission) \nYi-Hsiang Shih (Taiwan Association for Human Rights) \n主辦單位：國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心、國立陽明交通大學科技法律學院 \n協辦單位：台聯大文化研究國際中心、台聯大系統亞際文化研究國際碩士學位學程 \n贊助單位：全球人文研究中心及機構聯盟- 2021年全球人文研究機構（CHCI-GLOBAL HUMANITIES INSTITUTE 2019-2021）、Andrew Mellon Foundation、教育部高等教育深耕計畫特色領域研究中心國立陽明交通大學「文化研究國際中心」、大專校院人文及社會科學領域標竿計畫 \n \n活動錄影 Video Recording: Link \n \n活動側記 Forum Report \n演講側記：權宜船、海上勞動政策與外籍漁工勞權保障工作坊 \n文/黃品慈（國立陽明交通大學科技法律研究所碩士生） \n 2021年11月19日，由國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心、科技法律研究所主辦的「權宜船、海上勞動政策與外籍漁工勞權保障工作坊」在線上舉行。本工作坊將分別就「權宜船、臺灣遠洋漁工勞權政策與國際人權保障」以及「海上勞動政策與漁工勞動權益」二大主題，邀請長年關注臺灣遠洋漁業勞動議題的社運工作者與學者專家，從勞、政、學三方面進行「法律與社會」的對話，以期提高外籍漁工的勞動與人權保障。 \n主題一：權宜船、臺灣遠洋漁工勞權政策與國際人權保障 \n綠色和平組織專案主任李于彤指出，我國權宜船登記的國家當中，有 67%登記國在過去7年中曾經被歐盟判發黃牌或紅牌警告，應規管權宜船的國家實質上無力監管，非法捕撈、強迫勞動、暴力事件等犯罪行為有高度發生之風險，註冊於萬那杜的臺灣權宜船「大旺號」即為適例。回歸我國政策法規之檢討。法規上，皆未見有關勞動條件標準之規範；政策上，臺灣尚未宣布停止權宜船運作，各部會管理權責劃分不清，且權宜船並無勞動檢查機制，以惡名昭彰的「大旺號」為例，也是在民間團體的積極行動之下，方能對外界揭開外籍漁工勞動現場之惡劣處境。最後李主任提出幾點倡議，包含：（一）呼籲廢除境外／境內之歧視性雙軌聘僱制度，主管機關轉由勞動部統一規管勞動事務，同時接軌國際規範，落實ILO《漁撈工作公約》（下稱第188號公約）、《港口國措施協定》；（二）提高勞動檢查的強度、訂定三個月海上最長停留時間與禁止海上轉載，及提升船上電子監控與申訴設備覆蓋率；（三）加強政府相關人員勞動法規知識，以及對「強迫勞動及人口販運」的辨識能力。 \n邱羽凡教授之報告聚焦於「權宜船勞動監管與法律制度之推進」，並質疑特定針對遠洋漁業外籍移工的新立法，是否提供較佳的勞動保護？同為海上勞動工作者，得否基於「境外僱用」或「非我國籍」的因素，而正當化懸殊的勞動條件有差距？「勞權遭不平等分割」的現象油然而生，是否合理？就各界稱權宜船漁工不受任何法律保障的論點，邱教授表示「海上其實並非無法可循」，惟不同於勞基法直接介入勞動條件的規範方式，就權宜船問題應是在前階段，就先進行投資經營非我國籍漁船管理條例否的管制，現行法也明訂漁船船籍國對該國漁船欠缺管控機制時應得廢止其經營許，若該法執行上能夠貫徹，應能解決不少權宜船之問題，我國已有相關的法律監管機制來進行漁業勞權改革，現況毋寧是執行面上還有很大的努力空間，尤其是海上「勞動」監管，須慎思所有遠洋漁工的公平且合法生產，以期發展更臻完善的海上勞動保護。 \n長期致力於漁業研究、法社會學研究的翁燕菁教授，親身見識到該產業的龐雜性，翁教授梳理海上勞權改革的脈絡，始於環境保育而進展到人權保護，並精闢的點出資方與該產業轉型面臨的困境，包含漁撈無法增加管制成本卻高升，將強烈衝擊漁業經濟利益；於此同時，主管機關（漁業署）從推動發展轉為管制的角色轉變，更是一大挑戰。此外，考量安全性，我國遠洋漁船和權宜船是透過在他國投資、蓋罐頭工廠或是將船隻註冊於該國，以購買他國漁權。換言之，部分的權宜船有其正當目的，而非皆為規避法規。我們有必要反思權宜船的社會現況與歷史背景。另應共同思考國際私法上問題，如何優先適用臺灣法，也許能效仿法國法的「預警義務」，達到恫嚇、有效改善勞權之效果。不諱言的是，改革過程中，該產業勢必會經過蠻殘酷的整頓過程。 \n憲法跟人權國際法學者張文貞教授從法的觀點，指出我國人民擁有的權宜船勞／人權問題，無庸置疑的是兩公約保障的範疇，臺灣已有足夠的兩公約上權利來處理這個棘手的問題。按兩公約施行法第2條之規定，兩公約所揭示保障人權之規定具有國內法律效力。我國於適用公約規定時，應參照兩公約人權事務委員會之解釋（第3條），且各級政府機關行使職權時，更須符合兩公約有關人權保障之規定（第4條）。2017年經社文委員會第24號一般性意見書第26段指出締約國對國民工商活動具有特定的「域外義務」，包含工作權、社會保障權和公正良好工作條件權等權利之維護。另根據2017年第二次國家報告國際審查結論性意見有關企業社會責任之論述，臺灣政府有義務確保海外營運的企業尊重一切人權。結論上，張院長認為國際人權規範已國內法化，政府亦著手「企業與人權國家行動計畫」，可優先援引作為倡議、調解、訴訟上的依據，應相對容易建立。 \n工作坊進行的同時，宜蘭縣漁工職業工會李麗華秘書長人在東港鹽埔，上午方結束一場漁工訪查。她首先質疑漁工訪查的功能，NGO形同幫忙背書的魁儡。對於我國政府推行「漁業與人權行動計畫」的多項策略，政府表示要簽訂漁業定型化契約以落實勞動條件，私底下又透過「海漁基金會」與各區漁會協商不同的定型化契約內容。其次，政府強調「強化生活條件與社會保障」，並由漁業署編列預算照顧漁工日常生活，惟屏東鹽埔漁港卻出現了「漁工難民營」。另李秘書長補充我國幾項錯誤政策，包含（一）對船東補貼、捐助提升捕撈能力，惟有圖利之嫌；（二）公權力交由非公正團體執行，欠缺正當性，且造成執法上的偏頗；（三）傾斜式政策：權力與資源偏向資方，無形中造成勞資對立；漁業署預算編列過度集中在宣傳、回應國際壓力，而非實際改善勞動現場。 \n主題二： 海上勞動政策與漁工勞動權益 \n政治大學林良榮教授從立法、政策面來思考我國如何建構一條通向漁工人權保障法制之路徑。直面國際壓力，我國在進行漁業勞權檢討時，從第188號公約著手政策上的嘗試。林教授特別針對第188號公約中有關漁船上工作條件進行詳述。該公約第13條、第14條從人力配置、漁船大小談起，進而說明漁民的休息和工作時間，最後則檢討例外或特殊狀況的時間安排。關於海員工作與休息時間，第188號公約基本上採第180號公約（海員工時和船舶配員公約）提及之第二種方案，亦即僅規定休息時間，將工作時間委由締約國另作考量。林教授另指出海上勞動保護之工時在法技術操作上有相當高的難度，進而影響工資計算。臺灣未來應如何加強與國際之溝通，進行整體且連動的勞動政策檢討？林教授分析兩種取徑，一為海上勞動保護與勞動力政策檢討，二則為移工政策檢討。IUU和強迫勞動情事迫使我國進行漁業勞權之改善，然而，在多方角力之下，更因思考如何連結、避免造成對立。至於如何落實第188號公約？皆須對立法操作和實際落實之可能性進行評估。最後，要避免海上勞動爭議事件再發生並改善漁船作業的勞動條件，首要者係船艙設備之改善，並建構我國「船員制度」現代化漁業管理。 \n監察委員兼國家人權委員會紀惠容委員在與談中表示，人權會目前已啟動「外籍漁工人權協作專案」，調查內容包含「福賜群號」、「福牲拾壹號」、權宜船案、外籍漁工黑仲介案、漁船強迫勞動案等案。她肯認林教授之論點，有必要遵循第188號公約。針對權宜船、黑心仲介問題，人權會短期目標為「權宜船減量」，並推動跨部會合作，將薪資直匯給外籍漁工，避免仲介代墊薪資或苛扣薪資問題。至於強迫勞動與勞資爭議問題，紀委員坦言目前的強迫勞動被害人鑑別程序不夠周全，應可參第188號公約具體規定，精進相關人員辨識強迫勞動的敏感度，有效鑑別勞資爭議與強迫勞動。最後，紀委員回應李秘書長提及「漁業公會」與「漁業工會」的差別待遇，有必要賦權(empower)工會，方能促成勞資政三方對話，將會列入協作專案考量，也提醒關注國家人權委員會於2021/11/30舉行之「外籍漁工人權專案報告」記者會。 \n臺灣人權促進會施逸翔秘書長主要從相關政策發展進行與談，其提出外籍漁工勞權問題無法根除的關鍵點在於，我國漁業政策中「外籍漁工勞權保障的治理機制」系統性失靈。另兩公約施行法本就可以做為保障外籍漁工的法律基礎，惟行政機關包含漁業署、勞動部、地方政府皆視之如無物，從未依照人權公約落實。解決方案上，除同意「廢除雙軌制」、「勞動部主責」之主張外，關於第188號公約之落實，考量到急迫性，施秘書長認為採取林良榮教授前述提及的第一種模式，亦即依照國際人權公約施行法之方式進行較為妥適，使我國政府能盡快監管所有停靠臺灣港口的漁船，及受理所有靠岸漁工的申訴。至於農委會於近期負責擬定提出的「漁業與人權行動計畫草案」，施秘書長認為其多為零碎的政策工具，似乎完全跟不上當前許多國家防制強迫勞動的相關立法，仍有大幅調整空間。 \n在最後的綜合討論中， 服務於桃園市群眾服務協會，多年來在第一線為台灣移工爭取權益，且直接協助多件權宜船漁工案件的汪英達主任，以及曾進行臺灣與印尼漁業的深度田野調查，研究漁工勞權保護議題長達4-5年的陽明交通大學社會與文化研究所博士生Jonathan加入本次工作坊的綜合討論，和其他發表人、與會人及與會觀眾交流激盪。 \n首先，就「外籍漁工勞動契約問題與仲介苛扣薪資責任的問題」，Jonathan與汪英達主任不約而同提到船東、仲介、漁工三方勞動契約的問題，實務上多數勞動契約為「漁工」與「勞動輸出國仲介（即印尼）」簽訂，當船上發生勞資爭議時，船東多會因此主張免責，對此，紀惠容委員提醒漁工簽約過程應全程錄影，以備勞資糾紛發生時使用，Jonathan則進一步提出法規應增訂勞動契約需於抵達港口國時「重新簽訂(resign)」的想法。Jonathan另談到仲介管理與苛扣薪資問題，他肯定臺灣於2019年修正《境外僱用非我國籍船員許可及管理辦法》第13條，禁止服務契約中向船員收取服務費。然而，因勞動契約於印尼簽訂，該情形似乎無法適用我國法而獲得解套。紀委員則表示人權會試圖從政策面解決，目前正與印尼政府協商推動薪資直接全額匯到漁工在家鄉國的帳戶。 \n再就「漁業大廠的企業社會責任」的部分，施逸翔秘書長提及臺灣漁業龍頭「蜂群企業」近日似有進行相關自我稽核，惟對於相關作法及標準，沒有更多說明。李于彤主任也期待相關企業能夠公布供應船名單，或是進一步要求供應商制定更符合國內法的規定，以回應國際：「臺灣水產公司出口之水產品皆非血汗海鮮」。汪英達則另有想法，他認為應立即建立以工人為中心的社會監督，從CSR(Corporate social responsibility)轉向WSR(worker-driven social responsibility)，將相關工會、民間團體納入監督機制當中，避免業者的漁業改善方案(Fishery Improvement Projects\, FIPs )淪為公關行銷(PM)。汪英達也認為政府管制措施與執法過於緩慢，不僅相關文件取得不能，漁業署於2020年記者會承諾將依據《港口國措施協定》禁止侵害人權的漁船入港，卻仍放任大旺號在2021年自由入港。紀委員表示會再追蹤漁業署的執行，惟她也提出反面思考：若禁止其進港，會否反而產生更多剝削問題？或許可改以正面呼籲船東以人權方式對待漁工，此部分會再跟漁業署研議相關落實方式。 \n除了引言人的分享之外，工作坊與會者印尼籍Fr. Yance分享其個人經驗，自今年一月起他們已接獲96件外籍漁工勞權問題的投訴，該現象實與賦權(empower)有高度關係。在過去幾年間，Yance經常至港口對外籍漁工進行勞動法律教育，使其理解自身權利與義務之範圍，消除他們對於「發聲就會失去工作、被遣送回國」的恐懼，鼓勵他們勇敢發聲。勞動三權作為舉世公認的勞動核心價值，汪英達認為不論境內、境外或權宜船皆應遵守，且有賴國際團體、外國政府與民間團體共同參與漁工培力，作為未來發展漁工團結權的重要基礎。紀委員肯認之，並表示目前雖有漁業工會，惟經常遭排擠，除促進各方對話、接納外，政府應扮演積極賦權工會的角色。 \n關於如何有效解決海上強迫勞動問題，李于彤主任說明Greenpeace係透過「市場國、捕撈國、港口國、勞工輸出國」來個別擊破。包含呼籲市場國針對「強迫勞動製品」進行抵制，鼓勵捕撈國與港口國（即臺灣）順應國際規範訂定法規政策，至於勞工輸出國（主要是印尼、菲律賓）則積極設立辦公室，揭露尚存的強迫勞動問題、理解當地仲介與勞工的問題。近期也倡議臺灣、印尼可以簽訂更為保障人權的MOU（合作意向書，Memorandum of Understanding ），畢竟漁業人權之保障，實有賴全球治理。最後Yance也提出一個發人深省的問題 ── 「外籍漁工對臺灣來說重要嗎？」若重要，勞動、社會保護在哪呢？這應該不只是NGOs、學界、漁工的責任，而是所有人應共同面對的問題。 \n 
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/flag-of-convenience/
LOCATION:Virtual Event
CATEGORIES:Forum
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2021-11-19-poster-scaled.jpeg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20210526T010000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20210526T180000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240729T055758Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240729T055759Z
UID:54508-1621990800-1622052000@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Exceptional Zone at Sea and Dysfunctionality of Law? Future Policies on Migrant Fishers and Marine Life [Report / Video Recording]
DESCRIPTION:Exceptional Zone at Sea and Dysfunctionality of Law? Future Policies on Migrant Fishers and Marine Life 海上例外法域與失靈的法律？漁工勞權政策與海洋生命保育之反思 \n日期與時間：2021 年 5 月 26 日，下午13：00 至傍晚 18：00（台北時間） \n活動簡介 Abstract \n國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心與科技法律學院將在2021年5月26日，共同舉辦「海上例外法域與失靈的法律？漁工勞權政策與海洋生命保育之反思」論壇。\n擁有世界屬一屬二遠洋漁船的台灣，有著人數和國籍多元的外籍漁工、有著驚人捕撈量，但為何「血汗海鮮」、「血汗勞動」之名無法去除？為何台灣陸續被歐盟、美國政府、國際人權與環境組織緊盯？ 遠洋三法的修訂、權宜船違法的罰責提高，究竟（未）解決哪些問題？ \n本工作坊規劃三個場次：（1）《報導者》的調查報告：造假、剝削、未境的治理；（2）非政府組織服務經驗分享：關懷漁工的前線；（3）法律界的分析：台灣遠洋漁業外籍漁工和海洋生命保育政策的未來。 \n我們舉辦這場工作坊，目的在於探討維護遠洋漁業外籍漁工權益時所面對到的挑戰。我們邀請針對海上魚場進行五年追蹤觀察，完成調查報告三部曲的《報導者》團隊，台灣基督長老教會海員漁民服務中心及財團法人天主教社會慈善福利基金會附設海星海員中心代表，以及國際法學者李孟玢副教授與勞動法者學林良榮副教授，一起探討以下重要議題： \n\n為何在遠洋漁船上，頻繁出現人口販賣、強迫勞動、暴力虐待甚至漁工喪命的事故？\n海上魚場所發生的各種違法行為，是因為海洋是法律的例外之域，或是法律完全失靈？\n誰應該肩負起保護遠洋勞動外籍漁工以及限制遠洋漁業違規非法漁撈的責任?國家和國際法規如何可以發揮作用？\n那些在「權宜船」工作的漁工，是在什麼樣的法律漏洞之下持續存在，又如何遭受重重剝削呢？\n遠洋漁工是否身處海上例外法域、讓保障勞權的法律失靈？\n如何共同反思台灣勞權政策與海洋生命保育問題？\n\n議程 Agenda \nPanel 1. 《報導者》的調查報告：造假、剝削、未竟的治理 \n主持人：劉紀蕙教授（文化研究國際中心，國立陽明交通大學） \nTitle: 造假、剝削、未境的治理–五年三部曲，我們發現了什麼 \nSpeakers from The Reporter: \n《報導者》總編輯李雪莉 Sherry Lee (Editor in Chief) 、記者楊智強 Will Yang (Journalist) 、資料記者柯皓翔 Haohsiang ko (Data Journalist) \n5年前《報導者》開啟遠洋的調查追蹤後，完成《血淚漁場》的調查報導，這幾年，我們始終沒忘卻關注擁有世界屬一屬二遠洋漁船的台灣，有著人數和國籍多元的外籍漁工、有著驚人捕撈量，但究竟在神祕的遠洋漁船上頭發生什麼事？為何台灣陸續被歐盟、美國政府、國際人權與環境組織緊盯？ 2016年的一部曲「造假・剝削・血淚漁場」是首次系統地揭露台灣遠洋漁業傲人實績的背後，源自於對勞工與資源的剝削。2018我們推出二部曲「海上人口販運」，進一步突破人力仲介的環節，把台灣人如何向貧窮國家聘僱漁工，將漁工視為「庫存品」的過程和影響，一一揭露。2020年9月我們展開三部曲「未竟的遠洋治理」。經歷五年，遠洋三法的修訂，以及大量裁罰，產業裡的造假和剝削緩解了嗎？我們爬梳漁業署4年、520筆裁罰紀錄，試著看見裹著重重面紗的漁業界，正經歷的變化。《報導者》團隊將簡要分享五年內製作三部曲的心得，每一部曲的突破與歷程，此次分享著墨在二部曲與三部曲，特別是一般人較難接觸，這產業裡自成一格的遠洋仲介運作、漁老闆的思惟、政府龐雜的查罰數字與法條的背後的分享。 \nPanel 2. 非政府組織服務經驗分享：關懷漁工的前線\n主持人：貝納森（國立陽明交通大學社會與文化研究所博士生） \nTitle: We are on the front line of the fishing port-sharing experience of foreign fishermen \nSpeakers: 主任 陳武璋牧師 Rev. Joshua Chen (Director of PCTSFSC\, The Presbyterian Church In Taiwan ─ Seamen and Fishermen’s Service Center)（台灣基督長老教會海員漁民服務中心） \n摘要：座落於高雄前鎮漁港的海員漁民服務中心以前線服務經驗分享外籍漁工的勞動處境及面臨的挑戰大綱：1. 境外僱用外籍漁工的勞動處境 2.海員漁民服務中心於前鎮漁港的服務實況 3.從個案處理分享權宜船外籍漁工面臨的挑戰4.外籍漁工關懷支持服務 \nTitle: The Call to Care for Fishers \nSpeaker: Fr. Ansensius Guntur\, Cs (Stella Maris Seafarers Centre Kaohsiung)（財團法人天主教社會慈善福利基金會附設海星海員中心代表） \n台灣遠洋漁業近年有著顯著的增長。台灣擁有世界第二多的遠洋漁船，而這些漁船也為國內經濟貢獻數億的新台幣收入。台灣政府因船上勞動力短缺，而協助這產業招聘超過30\,000名的外籍漁工。另一方面，不少東南亞國家因國內工作機會稀少，也派遣他們的工人來台灣從事遠洋漁業工作。 為了回應台灣外籍漁工的關懷需求，高雄天主教總教區將這項任務託付給海星海員中心。海星海員中心是在蘇格蘭格拉斯哥發起的天主教機構，自成立100多年以來，在全球各地都設立起300多個中心，而高雄海星海員中心則是在1968年由 Joseph B. Donahue 神父發起。 \n高雄港每日都有約200艘的漁船等靠岸，數以千計的漁工和海務人員都頻密地進出這個港口。通過我們的日常港口拜訪，我們對漁工們的生活狀況有著深刻的了解。我們常被要求幫忙找出能解決他們問題的方法。此外，我們也為漁工們組織起數個活動，當中包括關懷他們的身心靈狀態、教育他們應有的基本權利和倡導能增進生活條件的政策等。我們呼籲關懷漁工是一項很重要的工作，因為即使遠洋漁業利潤持續報捷下，漁工們的生活狀況仍需大幅度的改進。 \nPanel 3.法律界的分析：台灣遠洋漁業外籍漁工和海洋生命保育政策的未來 \n主持人：邱羽凡副教授（科技法律研究所，國立陽明交通大學） \n標題：國際人權法的架構下檢視ILO188號漁業工作公約國立中正大學財經法律學系副教授李孟玢 Speakers:Assoc. Prof. Lee Meng-Bing (Department of Financial and Economic Law\, National Chung Cheng University) \n摘要:188號公約的內涵與作用大綱：1.國際法為何會特別要求國家如何對待外國人？2. 不是已經有國際人權法了，為何還需外國人保護的討論？3.國際勞工組織188號公約的內容介紹與相關問題檢討。 \n標題：國際漁業市場中「漁獲」與「勞動力」的競爭—-水產利益、漁工保護、漁民生存與國際壓力的大亂鬥國立政治大學法學院副教授林良榮Assoc. Prof. Lin Liang-jung (College of Law\, National Chengchi University) \n摘要：不能不面對的艱難課題：如何從歷史共業尋找漁業發展得以共榮與共贏之路—–(外籍)漁工海上勞動保護之法制建立大綱：1.黃牌的覺醒；台灣被歐盟盯上的國際現實處境與外國人(包括勞動)人權政策的檢討：台灣當然不是最糟的，但應躲逃嗎？2.海上勞動爭議；是漁工的勞動保護問題，還是外國人勞工的問題？是近海作業的問題，還是遠洋的問題？是內國法律規範的問題，還是僱用途徑的問題?3.制度規範與實踐；是勞動保護的立法問題，還是漁業立法的問題?是勞動部要出來管，還是漁業署?是勞動條件基準的設定問題還是勞動檢查實施的問題？4.內國法制設計的立法政策；ILO188號公約是否應適用於台灣，如何適用？漁業的勞資關係(漁民與外國人勞工)如何解套？ \nWrap up Roundtables (QnA) 綜合討論與問答環節主持人：浦南（國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心博士後研究員） \n主辦單位：國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心與科技法律學院 \n協辦單位：全球人文研究中心及機構聯盟- 2021年全球人文研究機構（CHCI-GHI）“當前全球脈絡下的移動、物流部署與不平等公民” \n \n論壇錄影 Video Recording: Link \n演講側記：海上例外法域與失靈的法律？漁工勞權政策與海洋生命保育之反思 \n側記員：李齊（國立陽明交通大學社會與文化研究所博士生） \n2021年5月26日，由國立陽明交通大學文化研究國際中心、科技法律研究所主辦，全球人文研究機構（CHCI-GHI）協辦的論壇「海上例外法域與失靈的法律？漁工勞權政策與海洋生命保育之反思」（Exceptional Zone at Sea and Dysfunctionality of law? Future policies on migrant fishers and marine life）在線上舉行。論壇邀請長年關注台灣遠洋漁業勞動議題的研究者、獨立媒體記者、NGO和法律學者參加，從深度調查、NGO組織及法律介入三個主題探討台灣遠洋漁業勞工剝削問題的解方。 \n第一場  《報導者》的調查報告：造假、剝削、未竟的治理\n李雪莉 |《報導者》的遠洋追蹤三部曲\n自2016年開始，台灣獨立媒體《報導者》持續五年追蹤台灣遠洋漁業調查，製作三部曲，分別為：「造假．剝削．血淚漁場：跨國直擊台灣遠洋漁業真相」（2016），「海上人口販運風暴」（2018）和「未竟的遠洋治理：從非法魚翅、強迫勞動到觀察員之死」（2021）。\n為什麼要持續五年傾注資源和人力調查遠洋漁業？台灣在全球遠洋漁業人口只佔0.36%，但漁船數量排全球第二。報導者從人的境況入手，深度調查遠洋漁業的三類群體：作為勞動力的遠洋漁工，尤其是外籍漁工；遠洋漁業產業商人，包含中介、船東和走私者；與非法捕撈生意相關的人，如海上觀察員、中盤商和政府官員。\n一開始，報導者從一位被虐待致死的印尼漁工Supriyanto的個案，走進製造外籍漁工海上喋血事件的暗黑制度。透過與印尼獨立媒體TEMPO合作，報導者深入印尼村莊當地調查。台灣的遠洋漁業狀況呈現當代奴隸制度的雙重面向：在你情我願的商業機制下出現的嚴重剝削。漁工上岸時即面對合同不清的問題，登船時陷入過勞及強迫勞動等險境，下船後還要遭受扣發薪水的風險。另外，台灣的本地漁工和外籍漁工的勞動法規互不交叉，本國漁工適用《勞基法》，而針對外籍漁工採用《外國人聘僱許可及管理辦法》和《境外僱傭非我國籍船員許可及管理辦法》。\n台灣的漁工中介在三十多年來發展壯大，招收船員遍佈世界各地，甚至招募朝鮮漁工。報導者在2018年關於柬埔寨巨洋案（Giant Ocean）的調查，披露了這起跨國人口販運案件鮮為人知的細節。來自台灣的中介和在柬埔寨的台灣人，透過賄賂和造假，把柬埔寨的漁工偷偷輸出至台灣和其它地區。報導者採訪涉案中介和中間人，透過細節交叉比對，還原出台灣遠洋漁船中大量存在的幽靈僱主現象以及境外漁工聘僱涉嫌人口販運的犯罪問題。 \n柯皓翔 | 從4年（2017-2020年）520筆裁罰看監管收緊後的台灣遠洋漁業\n報導者的資料記者柯皓翔通過爬梳四年間台灣遠洋漁業業者所收到的520筆裁罰，分析遠洋漁業的違法現象和監管問題。\n2015年，台灣因IUU（非法、未報告、不受規範）遭歐盟舉黃牌警告。2017年，「遠洋漁業三法」上路，包含《遠洋漁業條例》定訂、《投資經營非我國籍漁船管理條例》修正、《漁業法》部分條文修正。至2019年，歐盟解除黃牌警告；但2020年台灣遠洋漁獲被美國列入强迫勞動清單。\n報道者將裁罰原由進行人工編碼，有三大發現：\n1）最大裁罰原因（48%）是非法雇傭外籍漁工，但此部分罰金佔全部的8.7%，被質疑不痛不癢。\n2）罰款大宗主要爲違規捕撈。\n3）2020年處分顯著增加，分析其中主因是：2019年因總統大選，罰鍰延後至2020年才開出。\n數年間監管迅速收緊，考驗漁民適應力；新法重罰「非法漁撈」，但對漁工權益關注明顯不足，不過，行政院已允諾ILO C188號公約（即國際勞工組織2007年頒布的188號漁業工作公約）國內法化，將是漁工人權改善觀察重點。 \n楊智強 | 千萬罰鍰也難嚇阻：非法魚翅\n報導者記者楊智強分享了報導者在2021年推出的第三部曲中針對台灣非法魚翅產業、強迫勞動和觀察員制度的一手調查，他認為，台灣的遠洋漁業現代化還有很長的路要走。\n作為世界第四大捕鯊國，在台灣仍然有龐大的魚翅市場，販賣保育類魚翅不違法，魚翅在迪化街或中藥行隨處可見；50%以上的漁船曾參與非法捕鯊。台灣主要存在三種非法捕鯊形態：在各洋區捕撈禁捕鯊種；割鰭棄身；過度捕撈。儘管台灣港口配備檢查員制度，但台灣有1106艘漁船，檢察員只有17人。一艘船至少需配備3位檢察員，并且需要輪班，檢察員下午六點就下班。一些漁船利用夜間偷運，或到非指定港口先卸魚等多種方式規避檢查。印象深刻的是，遭罰超過兩千萬元的順昌漁業老闆曾說：「我只是一隻螞蟻而已，你還沒有看到巨龍」。 \n第一場提問與討論\n本場次討論環節主要聚焦在三個議題。\n1. 目前的海上監管中，生態類保育的罰鍰動輒上千萬，明顯高於對漁工的人權保障。如何加強對漁工（尤其是境外聘僱外籍漁工）人權保障的監管？\n遠洋漁業三法中關於漁工的部分，是不小心放進去的。實際上，漁業署和船東們的關係非常好，而船東時常需要中介幫忙代墊漁工薪資，有時代墊費用高達千萬以上，在這種情況下，漁業署自然沒有動力改善漁工處境。行政體系更關心的是國際上對台灣遠洋漁業的漁撈禁令如何解除。\n2. 漁會在遠洋漁業的運營和監管中扮演什麼角色？\n漁會是利益相關團體，對歐盟的捕撈禁令反彈程度很大，也會影響監管政策。\n3. 如何提高監管能力的實務操作？\n漁業署已在2017年啟用24小時監控中心，但船隻是否有足夠電力支持海上監控？更需要被監管的是權宜船（Flag of Convenience，簡稱FOC，指掛他國船旗的漁船），農委會許可243艘權宜船，但實際數字遠大於此。權宜船上的外籍漁工狀況比較難以掌握及管理，存在國際法上的領土管轄爭議。 \n第二場  非政府組織服務經驗分享：關懷漁工的前線 \n陳武璋牧師（台灣基督長老教會海員漁民服務中心主任）| 我們在漁港前線——外籍漁工服務經驗分享\n台灣基督長老教會海員漁民服務中心自1986年起運作。中心位於高雄前鎮漁港。前鎮漁港為大型漁船港口，每年6月、12月遠洋漁船靠岸時，前鎮的外籍漁工約有3000-4000人。中心為漁工提供咨詢、勞資爭議協調、探訪、申請急難救助以及關懷服務。\n陳牧師主要介紹了境外僱用外籍漁工的困境，包括：低薪資、工時過長、與外界聯繫不易、在海上受傷生病就醫困難、勞動契約不合理、漁工自我權益意識較低、申訴管道不暢通、母國中介不易控管、船上幹部不當管教等。\n權宜船上的外籍漁工人權處境最為糟糕，存在強迫勞動、人口販運等極端情況。處理此類問題，常常遇到無法可依、勞務契約不透明、難以掌握船東身份的問題。 \nFather ANSENSIUS GUNTUR\, CS（財團法人天主教社會慈善福利基金會附設海星海員中心主任）| 關心外籍漁工的呼籲 \nStella Maris（海星）國際海員中心於1968年在高雄成立，最初是為了幫助越戰中的受傷海軍，自1991年起，開始為漁工、漁民提供服務。\n自2014年到2020年，海星海員中心共計為759名外籍移工提供庇護，他們多為人口販運、勞動剝削、性侵害和海上事故的受害者。海星海員中心的服務點分佈在前鎮、旗津、東港、鹽埔、澎湖等港口。今年，海星海員中心共計服務3012名漁工，多來自印尼。\n在遠洋漁業，外籍漁工的低薪現象普遍存在。漁工為了謀求工作，往往得忍受勞動剝削和虐待。政府法規在海上被無視。漁工在船上甚至沒有廁所和浴室，一次出海長達半年甚至一年，生活條件十分嚴苛。海星海員中心專注於為漁工提供支持網絡，協助他們解決勞資糾紛和各類案件。 \n第三場 法律界的分析：台灣遠洋漁業外籍漁工和海洋生命保育政策的未來 \n李孟玢（國立中正大學財經法律學系副教授） | 國際人權法的架構下檢視ILO C188號漁業工作公約 \n李孟玢教授從國際法的角度檢視國際勞動組織C188號漁業工作公約國內法化可能遭遇的問題。首先，國際法和國内法分屬兩種獨立之法律制度。一國侵犯他國國民之行為，即構成侵犯該人母國之行為，會產生國際責任。目前，在涉及外籍漁工保障的角度，往往尋求國際人權法——以世界人權宣言、公民與政治權利國際公約、經濟社會與文化權利國際公約三者為最重要之法律文件，合稱國際人權典章（International Bill of Human Rights）。最後，針對ILO C188號公約國內法化的問題，李孟玢教授就年齡限制為例，分析該公約在阿根廷、安哥拉等國的法律適用情況，說明依據當地不同的政治、經濟發展和就業情況，對於年齡限制也有各自特別的規定。 \n林良榮（國立政治大學法學院副教授）| 國際漁業市場中「漁獲」與「勞動力」的競爭——水產利益、漁工保護、漁民生存與國際壓力的大亂鬥 \n林良榮教授首先分析海上漁業勞動的「爭議」與發生原因。台灣佔全球遠洋漁業活動的13%，2019年台灣「境外聘僱」漁工多達20\,232名，外籍漁工為台灣遠洋漁業的主要勞動力。但是台灣遠洋漁船上強制勞動、人口販運、虐待案件頻發，較為突出的是巨洋仲介公司案件、福賜群號漁工虐待致死案、以及世界首例因違反ILO C188號公約被外國扣留船隻的福甡11號案。這些勞動爭議令歐美國家多次警告台灣，對台灣的遠洋漁業捕撈、漁獲及貨物輸出產生很大影響。\n為什麼在遠洋漁業勞動領域，法律管制失靈呢？臺灣的漁業法規自民國18年《漁業法》立法後幾乎未有大幅修正，於2015年遭歐盟黃牌警告後，才開始啟動修法程序。自1980年開始形成「境外僱用」制度，直至歐盟警告後方於2017年出台「遠洋漁業三法」，其動機在於維護台灣漁獲利益，而不是改善漁工勞動條件。在國際社會的壓力下，為了確保台灣遠洋漁業在各洋區仍可運營，政府才建立多項監管措施。\n林良榮教授認為，仔細檢視歐盟所謂11條建議，對於漁工人權並沒有過多著墨。企業社會責任或許是有可能推動的環節；而從法規層面，應注意魚捕工作與陸地勞動型態的差異、法律契約性質、勞動形態、遠洋或沿近海以及國籍等細節問題的制定與法律間協調。 \n綜合討論\n該場次的討論主要聚焦在五個議題。\n1. 能否通過推動企業社會責任來保障勞工權利？是否可能要求企業——食品業、餐飲業，揭露其使用之漁獲來源？如其來源屬於曾被裁罰有勞動規範之違反，可讓消費者於消費時進行抵制和選擇。\n根據目前漁獲產業量消費資訊揭露，以往只著重在是否漁獲是否非法捕撈，關於勞動條件的稽查、防堵血汗海鮮的認證是近幾年才逐漸浮現的倡議。可惜的是，在台灣，針對勞動條件的漁獲消費者運動幾乎不存在。\n另外，從國際法的角度來看，企業社會責任在各國的推進，一開始與國際經濟法相關。以此為參照，遠洋漁業的勞權問題，也有可能運用國際勞動規範和國際人權法來推動。\n2. 聯合國人權宣言對於保障外籍漁工勞動權利具有約束力嗎？\n台灣早已有人口販運防制法，但仍無法阻止遠洋奴工的問題。除了聯合國人權宣言，ILO的勞動基本原則與權利宣言也早已規定了，無論國家是否加入公約，有五個原則必須要被各國執行：結社自由、承認集體協商權利、消除強制勞動、消除兒童勞工、消除就業歧視。\n3. 權宜船漁工勞動權利的保障應如何推進？遠洋奴工問題到底應該交由勞動部管理，還是仍放在漁業署的管轄範圍內？\n遠洋漁工的剝削問題是台灣經濟結構的一部分，政府難以對抗大型遠洋漁業企業。台灣現行的權宜船管理規範為《投資經營非我國籍漁船管理條例》和《行政院農業委員會漁業署組織條例》，農委會的行政法上沒有涉及勞動條件的規定，實質上允許境外聘雇外籍漁工。從組織法來看，勞動部和漁業署的資源有差別，漁業署對於勞動條件的監管權利較少。\n可行的做法是，漁業署在船舶出境之前對其進行管制。如在東南亞，對權宜船的管理通常會配合洗錢防制法，因為非法交換漁獲常常涉及洗錢犯罪。漁業署可以通過要求船東（即船所有人）履行相關義務，如果船舶的國旗不是中華民國國旗，透過船東要求也不是困難的事。重點在於船旗國是否認爲我們侵犯他國的管轄國。國際社會一直希望台灣要求船東履行相關義務。若造成船旗國的不滿，也可透過協商解決。\n4. 從實務角度如何進行海上超時勞動認定？\n國外已有海上超時勞動認定程序，如日本的做法是按小時填寫時間格。台灣若要立法保障這一部分，海洋的勞動法規應該和陸地上的勞動法規放在一起討論。勞動法規涉及到的細節必須逐一解決，避免法規相互衝突。\n例如，在工時制度上，要不要區分沿近海和遠洋？漁捕的區域不同，相適應的勞動時間也不同。不同的漁捕生態的工時差別甚遠。與此相關的是輪班制度，是否要採取12小時輪班制？ILO C188號公約只規定了休息時間，沒有涉及輪班制度。在商船上沒有輪班制的問題（台灣已有船員法，但只適用於商船），漁船上的問題比較多。大噸數的船舶問題不大，但是小噸數的船隻就很難規範。\n5. ILO C188號公約公約國內法化的可行性？國內是否要適用國際勞工組織的標準；若推進立法，應如何與國內勞動法規相整合？\n從國際法的傳統來看，國際法不强迫國際法轉換爲國内法，但ILO C188號公約已有要求國家應該要立法保障漁民權益。不過，ILO C188號公約大部分條文的要求是針對船籍國的，而不要求船東所在的國家立法。\nILO C188號公約的國内法化，仍然值得審慎討論，因為必須考量當地的實際情況，而不是一味地引入國際公約，否則在法規相衝突的情形下，法律形同虛設。\n虽然歐盟發黃牌警告台湾，但我们需注意，歐洲沒有勞基法。陸地上有勞基法的是日本和韓國，他們是ILO的會員國，兩國實行船員法，但沒有區分遠洋和近海，也沒有加入ILO C188號公約。將這份公約國内法化的目前只有荷蘭。\n從提升台灣國際地位的角度來看，若台灣簽署，會比其他國家更進步。但是，台灣應該追求的不只是落實ILO C188號公約，更是要超越它，因為在公約內仍有很多規定不清晰的地方。我們需要趁這個機會，檢視國內的法規目前存在哪些不足，把我國的海上人權法治往前推進。
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/exceptional-zone-at-sea/
LOCATION:Virtual Event
CATEGORIES:Forum
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2021-05-26-poster.jpeg
END:VEVENT
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20210510T140000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20210510T160000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240729T040543Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240729T040804Z
UID:54489-1620655200-1620662400@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:國際行動者的實踐 Practice of International Social Workers [Report / Video recording]
DESCRIPTION:主題 Theme：國際行動者的實踐 Practice of International Social Workers\n時間 Date：2021年5月10日（一） 14:00-17:00\n講者 Speaker：張齡之 Lynn Chang、朱筱琪 Hsiao-Chi Chu（台灣台灣兒童暨家庭扶助基金會 Taiwan Fund for Children and Family）\n主持人 Moderator: 劉紀蕙教授 Prof. Joyce C.H. Liu\n中文演講，英文口譯 Lecture in Chinese (English simultaneous interpretation provided) \n演講介紹 Lecture Introduction\n身為行動者，從台灣走向國際，此次將從現行家扶基金會之社會工作者張齡之分享於國際服務實踐的樣貌，以及帶出如何與現地NGO與國際INGO組織共同的合作經驗。接續，將由藝術工作者朱筱琪分享個人於中東的參與實踐，與現地NGO、當地參與者合作的想法與經歷，與加入國際非營利組織的歷程。\nThe lecture will follow the footsteps of Lynn Chang and Hsiao-Chi Chu as they face International social practices as a current TFCF International social worker and independent art worker in Jordan and Palestine. Also\, they will share their own cooperation experiences of local communities and NGOs/INGOs to bring the ideas of NGO/INGO and the relationship between multiple institutions. \n張齡之Lynn Chang / 小社工走進大世界 International Development as A Social Worker Practitioner \n朱筱琪 Hsiao-Chi Chu / 實踐跨越生命的高牆 Blurred Lines Between Development and Socially Engaged Art \n講者介紹Speaker Bio \n張齡之，家扶國際室資深專員，目前派駐於約旦家扶中心。大學畢業後，投入社會工作服務多年，過去曾於台東參與有關災變與原住民社會工作。爾後，至吉爾吉斯、約旦從事國際服務工作，經驗與學習社會工作的不同樣貌。\nLynn Chang is a Senior Specialist at TFCF International\, currently stationed at TFCF Jordan Branch Office. She has been involved in social work since graduating from university\, gaining extensive experience in disaster relief with aboriginals at Taitung. \n朱筱琪，藝術與文字工作者，現為家扶國際室專員，曾就讀倫敦大學亞非學院移民與散居研究碩士班、國立臺北藝術大學文化資產與藝術創新博士班。近年持續於北亞、中亞與中東等地策劃執行藝術計畫，致力於結合藝術與文化、移民／難民、邊緣衝突、社會融入等議題，以溫柔又堅毅的方式探討生命與社會的流動。\nHsiao-Chi Chu is an art worker and writer\, currently a Specialist at TFCF International. She studied MA\, Migration and Diaspora Studies\, SOAS\, and is a PhD candidate of Program in Cultural Heritage and Arts Innovation Studies\, TNUA. She has led multiple art projects in Northern Asia\, Middle Asia\, and Middle East. Her projects show an attempt to blend art and culture\, migrants and diaspora\, border conflicts\, and cultural assimilation. \n \n演講錄影 Video Recording: Link \n \n「國際行動者的實踐」側記\n邱映哲（陽明交大社文所碩士生） \n本次演講作為「共同體如何成為一個問題？」課程「藝術行動與社會實踐」系列演講的第一場，也是系列演講在疫情爆發前得以實體舉辦的兩場之一。 \n劉紀蕙教授首先概括說明作為課程課程系列演講，課上在過往幾週已經討論了哪些面向。主要來說，過去幾週課堂處理了對邊界政治的反思，討論其如何以系統性的暴力區分出可被拋棄者，並從這個面向切入提問：為何總有些群體、非公民如移工落於國家權力的保護之外、甚至遭受殖民性的待遇？其又為何可能在社會中公然發生？而作為課程第三部分「社會介入、藝術介入、知識份子介入」的系列演講，劉教授指出，透過邀請面向實務的NGO、由藝術回應社會議題的藝術家、長期關心相關議題的媒體等等分享者，這門課試圖與同學共同激盪出「如何解決問題」的可能性。 \n本次演講台灣兒童暨家庭扶助基金會國際室的兩位專員前來分享在海外異地的工作經驗。除了試圖回應前述的問題意識外，本場的案例同時也是唯一一場臺灣工作者在海外工作的經驗分享，而透過這樣的獨特經驗，也或能探問為何有許多問題為何國家做不了而是NGO在做？並由此折射出國家治理的侷限。開場最後，劉教授並以期待大家化知識為行動的期許作結。 \n兩位講者分別是目前服務於約旦家扶中心的張齡之，以及曾於以色列、巴勒斯坦與約旦進行藝術活動的朱筱琪。張齡之從個人的生命軌跡出發，簡介起他如何接下約旦的家扶業務，以及在當地開展工作所遇到的難題。首先是從個人來說，在進入約旦前她對其印象僅僅限於流行文化作品中對約旦當地的再現，以及旅遊介紹中對約旦都市生活的描繪；然而在實際進入家扶中心提供服務的社區後，才知道那些再現遮掩了太多太多真實的生活情境。而從工作來說，作為既非社區住戶亦非約旦人的「外來者」，他們究竟要以「什麼身分」進入社區從事「什麼工作」也是啟動工作所面臨的首要難題。在分享中，張齡之強調「建立關係」在約旦當地的重要性，不只是與居民的關係，與當地權力機構建立關係更是重中之重。除此之外，工作的困難也在於文化差異、在於語言、在於知識落差、在於其他NGO工作的行動所帶來的阻礙等等諸多不同面向，而這些都還有待團隊一一逐漸克服；此外，COVID-19也帶來新的困難。 \n \n從實務上進一步介紹，約旦家扶中心雖也有直接辦理專案性的特色方案，但主要仍採間接服務而非直接服務的工作模式，也就是，中心挑選在地合作組織（CBO\, Community-based Organization）作為對口，並由這些組織作為當地兒童認養方案的實作者。兒童認養方案中，CBO們除了長期執行的營養改善方案，也可於中心討論後與社區提供長期的帶狀服務，譬如職訓方案（vocational training program）、能力建構方案（capacity building program）等等；此外，中心也因應社區難民、貧困兒童與家庭的需求，考量邊境政經環境導致家戶搬遷的不確定性，在特定社區以社區認養方案（community sponsorship program）取代以兒童／家庭為主體的前者。 \n第二位分享者朱筱琪主要介紹他從事參與式藝術創作的經驗。其受到David Jeménez的啟發及對共同體的思考，促使他進入區域呈現「真實日常」（real life）究竟為何；作為行動者到各地書寫故事，藝術創作者與公共行動者在他的行動中難以一切而論。他以炸鷹嘴豆（falafel）的食譜差異引發自身對文化的觀察說起，分享殖民與去殖民的議題鑲嵌於在地生活經驗；此外，朱筱琪亦分享其共食的藝術行動，說明以色列與巴勒斯坦的衝突在兩地人民間所造成的巨大張力如何體現於日常交往。 \n \n在QA中，兩位講者分享了關於在異地工作難以真正改善環境的無力感，以及面對政府行政程序所造成的效率不彰所做出的調適。此外，兩位講者也分享了對於在海外工作的展望，以及未來可能開展的計畫。 \n 
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/practice-of-international-social-workers/
LOCATION:HA Building II\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Lecture
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/png:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2021-05-10-poster.png
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20200401T140000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20200401T160000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240729T054004Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240729T054004Z
UID:54505-1585749600-1585756800@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Musikawong Sudarat: The Role of Ethnography in Studying Taiwan's Migrant Workers and the Broker System [Report]
DESCRIPTION:Topic: “The Role of Ethnography in Studying Taiwan’s Migrant Workers and the Broker System” \nModerator: Shu-fen Lin\, Institute of Social Research and Cultural Studies\, NCTU. ） \nDate: 2020 April 1 14:00-17:00 \nVenue: 106A HA Building 2\,NCTU \nLecture Description: The lecture is an informal discussion focused on methodology\, primarily about the role of ethnography in the project “Broker & Employer Practices and Working Conditions Foreign Migrant Workers in Taiwan” (Qualitative Study- June 2019-November 2020).\nThis project is still ongoing\, in collaboration with faculty and researchers at Mahidol University/ IPSR\, NCTU/ICCS and National Dongwa University\, Department of Sociology. Taiwan’s formal international labor migration began in March 1989 when the government pursued fourteen large infrastructural projects like Highway 3\, the MRT\, which utilize the broker system to hire a majority of Thai workers\, with Filipinos and Indonesians. That year Taiwan signed the Taiwan Beneficial Relations Act (1989)\, designating favorable import quotas for the Philippines. By 1992\, the process of hiring foreign migrant workers in construction\, industry\, domestic caretaking\, and fisheries sectors became more formalized (Chen\, 2006). While after 2005\, such infrastructural construction projects slowed\, the demand for labor in personal care services\, SME factories and both long-and short haul fisheries sectors increased. While some receiving countries like Thailand and South Korea have moved toward Government to Government direct hiring systems through MOU processes and government run migrant worker services\, Taiwan continues to utilize the private broker industry (recently amended direct employer hiring)\, waranting more careful study of broker and employer practices.These developments in Taiwan are rather public and can be followed in the news\, but how do we study brokering as social practices. The talk will consider methodological challenges of accessing interviews with broker companies\, developing trust with manpower agencies\, employers\, and migrant worker populations\, as well as the demands of NGO/Union solidarity practices in research. \nSpeaker’s Bio\nSudarat Musikawong is associate professor of sociology at the Institute for Population and Social Research at Mahidol University in Thailand. She received her Ph.D. and MA in sociology from the University of California at Santa Cruz and her BA in Interdisciplinary Studies from the University of California at Santa Barbara. As an ethnographer\, Dr. Musikawong’s work connects macro-socio-economic historical conditions\, social political national circumstances\, migration\, and cultural production. Her long-term research goals are to develop methodologies and theoretical frameworks that provide connections between these often-divergent research agendas between the social sciences and humanities. Her publications include “On Thai Transnationalisms: Political and Economic Subjectivity\,” Manusaya: Journal of Humanities (2009)\, with Chanchanit Martorell\, “The Importanc）e of Ethnic Competency: Labor Trafficking\, Thai Migrations\, and the Thai Community Development Center\,”…etc. \n*English Lecture \n主辦單位:國立交通大學暨台聯大文化研究國際中心、亞際文化研究國際碩士學位學程（台灣聯合大學系統）、交通大學社會與文化研究所、交通大學人文社會學系、TAIWAN FELLOWSHIP (MOE) \n \nLecture Report \nWritten by Kenzi Chen (Postdoctoral Fellow\, International Center for Cultural Studies) \nEstablished in 1971\, Institute for Population and Social Research IPSR conducts research and provides training in population and development in the areas of social\, economic\, reproductive health\, medical and public health fields\, focused on emerging issues for Thailand and neighboring countries in south-east Asia and beyond\, with the ultimate goal of improving the quality of life for all. \nDr. Sudarat Musikawong was conducting migrant workers research for many years\, which includes migrants in United States\, Thailand\, South Korea and Taiwan. In the speech name ”The Role of Ethnography in Studying Taiwan’s Migrant Workers and the Broker System”\, she shared with us her experiences and reflective thoughts in studying Taiwan’s migrant workers and broker system. The latest and ongoing project: “Broker & Employer Practices and Working Conditions: Foreign Migrant Workers in Taiwan” was cooperated with the scholars in National Chiao Tung University and Dong Wha University. She interviewed Thai workers\, NGO/Labor Unions\, Thailand Labor Attache\, Employers\, Broker/HR Agencies staff and also former CLA in Taiwan. \nDr. Musikawong explained that brokerage is “a process of connecting actors in systems of social\, economic\, or political relations in order to facilitate access to valued resources. The crucial characteristics of brokers are that a) they bridge a gap in social structure and b) they help goods\, information\, opportunities\, or knowledge flow across that gap (Stovel et. al\, 2011; 141).” Strictly defined\, brokers are not agents because\, “[u]nlike agents\, economic brokers typically do not represent one party to the transaction. In the labor sourcing industry\, work is not valued as a right to economic livelihood\, but jobs are commodified as products to be bought and sold\, such that profits are made not necessarily from providing labor to employers\, but for selling jobs to workers. In Taiwan\, it is legal to charge a placement fee of no more than one month’s salary\, but most brokers from the home country charge more. Ethnography is the study of social phenomena or specific society through participant observation and interviews in field study. In studies on migration has led to several different approaches-Foucauldian Influences- as scholars study neoliberal state\, and Structure-Agency debates- as negotiated social action. Ethnography as not just observation\, but participation in societies we study (through work\, volunteer\, developing personal relations)\, organizing. Dr. Musikawong also shared the Ethnics aspects including the application of IRB (Institutional Review Board) in Taiwan and Thailand\, how to protect those who we interviewed\, and also Reciprocity aspects like giving back to the field\, volunteer work every Sunday in Hope Worker Center. And also how to Work as a team through systematic coding in MAXQDA.
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/musikawong-sudarat-2/
LOCATION:HA Building II\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Lecture
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20200313T143000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20200313T160000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240720T155112Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240729T035436Z
UID:54481-1584109800-1584115200@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Musikawong Sudarat: In Between Democratic Labor Movements and Migrant Worker Rights [Report]
DESCRIPTION:台-泰跨國勞力遷移研究與經驗分享 \nMusikawong Sudarat: In Between Democratic Labor Movements and Migrant Worker Rights \n主講人: Dr. Musikawong Sudarat（泰國瑪希敦大學副教授） \n時間：2020年3月13日（週五）14:30-15:50 \n地點：財團法人臺灣亞洲交流基金會 會議室 (臺北市大安區仁愛路三段136號11樓1107室) \nBetween Democratic Labor Movements and Migrant Worker Rights: Comparing NGO and Labor Organizing in Thailand and Taiwan—A Talk by Dr. Sudarat \nWritten by Jui-an Rae Chou (Postdoc fellow of ICCS) \nDr. Sudarat Musikawong is Associate Professor of Sociology at the Institute for Population and Social Research at Mahidol University in Thailand. She received her Ph.D. and M.A. in sociology from the University of California at Santa Cruz and her B.A. in Interdisciplinary Studies from the University of California at Santa Barbara. As an ethnographer\, Dr. Musikawong’s work connects macro-socio-economic historical conditions\, social\, political\, and national circumstances\, migration\, and cultural production. The talk she gives at the Taiwan-Asia Exchange Foundation concerns the status of migrant worker rights in Thailand and Taiwan in relation to labor movements and NGO work.\nDr. Musikawong began her talk by recounting her research trajectory: her work on migrant workers began in 2005\, when she studied Thai migrant workers in the U.S. From 2013 to 2016\, she moved on to the topic of documented and undocumented migrant workers in Korea. Since 2016\, she has collaborated with faculty members from National Chiao Tung University. Her current project examines the broker system and potentials for direct hiring for migrant workers in Taiwan.\nHer main concern as a sociologist working on democratic movements is how NGOs and trade unions could approach the conundrum of temporary foreign migrant workers. Immigration policies in Asia (including Thailand\, Taiwan\, and South Korea) tend to be exclusionary\, with little promise for citizenship or even residency for migrant workers. The issue with integrating migrant workers into local societies has become even more urgent with the outbreak of the coronavirus\, since migrant workers are often seen as a security threat.\nDr. Musikawong went on to compare the situation of migrant workers in Taiwan and Thailand. Taiwan is an aged society: the majority of the Taiwan population is no longer viable workforce\, so Taiwan has had to import foreign workers\, especially for the construction of its infrastructure. Historically\, Taiwan opened up to migrant workers since the late 1980s. Migrant workers from Thailand helped build the MRT system\, as well as Highway No.2. Rapid economic development in Taiwan has relied on the labor of migrant workers\, yet Taiwan continues to deny both residency and citizenship rights to these workers.\nThailand\, on the other hand\, is an aging society\, with a larger territory and greater varieties of foreign investments and economic activities. It therefore has the capacity to host over 4 million migrant workers. Thailand itself does not send a great number of workers overseas\, but among Thai migrant workers\, the majority work in Taiwan. The main difference between migrant worker situations in Taiwan and Thailand is in the form of migration: due to the larger territory and needs for migrant workers in the agricultural industry\, Thailand has much more migrant workers entering the country as families. In this context\, governments need to consider comprehensive immigration reform that promises a more inclusive multiculturalism in order to accommodate a better Asian future.\nTaiwan and Thailand share one similarity regarding the migrant worker issue: both have weak trade unions. Both Taiwan and Thailand have low rates of unionization\, but they also host active NGOs to handle with migrant worker issues. While Thailand does not allow migrant workers to serve as head of trade unions\, Taiwan has recently opened up to migrant workers forming their own trade unions. Dr. Musikawong’s speculations is that this difference may be the result of increasing pressure on the corporate sector to take responsibility for labor rights violations or illegal placement fees in Taiwan.\nAs the world becomes increasingly interconnected\, however\, fair labor practices are no longer the responsibility of any single country. In the example of Thailand importing tuna from Taiwan’s fishing industry\, corporate social responsibilities in Thailand’s canning and production industries and in Taiwan’s fishing practices both need to be carefully monitored to ensure legal labor conditions.\nBoth Thailand and Taiwan are facing the issue of legal loopholes that allow corporations to exploit migrant workers\, especially workers in long-haul seafaring\, domestic workers\, and caretakers. Thailand’s solution was for migrant workers in the domestic care sector to collaborate with Thai workers to form workers’ collectives that practice direct hiring. Taiwan’s electronics industry\, on the other hand\, enforces RBA (Responsible Business Alliance) to ensure the absence of placement fees by charging employers. But these successful practices need to be adapted across sectors to protect migrant worker rights in general.\nDr. Musikawong also pointed out that NGOs and trade unions need to be more proactive. NGOs and trade unions in Taiwan are good at calling attention to migrant labor issues\, but often fail to sustain that attention in the absence of incidents. In Thailand\, NGOs and trade unions partner with the government to promote reforms. These government agencies include the Ministry of Labor\, the Ministry of Justice\, and the Public Health Department. Many changes require the involvement of not only the local government\, but foreign governments as well.\nFor her visit to Taiwan-Asia Exchange Foundation\, Dr. Musikawong was interested in hearing about the efficacy in having different government agencies handling migrant worker issues. For example\, in Taiwan\, migrant workers in the export processing zones are currently under the management of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. This is not the case in Thailand\, where migrant labor affairs are handled by the Ministry of Labor. Dr. Musikawong concluded her talk by saying that the specificities of sectors need to be taken into consideration when we think about how to better protect migrant workers and to integrate them into our societies. She suggests that the present moment provides a great opportunity for Thailand and Taiwan to learn from each other in terms of how to change the system for the better.\nDuring the Q&A period\, Dr. Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao\, the Chairman of Taiwan-Asia Exchange Foundation\, commented that the Foundation is interested in how Dr. Musikawong’s research can be put into practice in Taiwan. He explains that broader comparative studies on migrant worker rights within and between Southeast Asian countries would be vital to reforming Taiwan’s migrant worker policies. The Foundation is also interested in potentials for scholars and NGOs from Thailand and Taiwan to work together in the future. Other participants discussed labor law reforms in the context of Taiwan’s New Southbound Policy\, and the specific circumstances surrounding domestic workers. Dr. Musikawong responded that we need to reconsider the responsibility of the welfare state as well as work on more creative ways to form partnerships between trade unions and NGOs to change the status quo.
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/musikawong-sudarat/
LOCATION:Taiwan-Asia Exchange Foundation\, Room 1107\, 11F\, NO.136\, Section 3\, Ren’ai Road\, Da’an District\, Taipei City\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Lecture
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20191116
DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20191118
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240720T090048Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240729T035204Z
UID:54474-1573862400-1574035199@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:法律與社會之對話——移工勞權保障與政策研討會 [側記 / 錄影]
DESCRIPTION:至今移工在台已經超過70萬人口，為台灣社會的重要一分子，然而移工在我國所適用的法律不同於本國勞工，在工作轉換與勞動過程中因法律上之差別對待而衍生爭議。 \n本研討會以我國當前移工所面臨之勞動權益為中心，分別由法律面與政策面進行分析，並以釐清我國法律適用於移工上之問題，並期待經由多方之對話，能對移工勞權問題提出保障與政策興革之建議。 \n議程 Agenda \n \n \n研討會錄影 Video Record: YouTube link \n研討會側記 Forum report \n作者：交大科法所碩士班 許庭華 \n本研討會之目標為，以我國當前之移工議題之勞動權益問題為中心，分別從法律面以及政策面進行分析，以釐清我國在勞權議題上之適用及爭議，並針對未來移工勞權之議題給予建議。本次活動邀請到多位法律專家學者提出相關移工勞權主題之法律分析報告，並藉由社會學者或移工團體、勞動部官員、仲介業者進行與談，進而達到法律與社會對話之結果。最終期望能於綜合座談時能從多方共同討論並提出移工勞權保障政策之建議。 \n移工勞動權益保障之漏洞不失圍繞於政府欲避免移工久居、影響本國人就業等因素，而制定出與本國勞工相較下具有差別待遇的制度，進而衍生出仲介剝削等問題。當今，移工之所以易被仲介掌控工作機會並衍伸出買工費等不利困境，有很大的原因之一便是在「原則禁止例外許可」之法令規定下，移工難以自由轉換雇主。就期滿前轉換雇主，依就業服務法（下稱就服法）第59條之規定使得移工只能被動地因不可歸責於自身的事由才可能轉換雇主，然實務上移工難以取得相關證據、政府未能有效協助成案及調解、當事人選擇隱忍、新雇主未能保證取得聘僱許可之問題均造成本規定適用上之困難。又期滿前合意接續轉換聘僱制度也因實際上不易達成雙方或三方合意轉換雇主之限制而加深了合意轉換的困難度。就期滿後轉換，雇主未盡確認義務、移工不熟悉法律之保障、網站資訊不透明，無法分辨合法及不合法新雇主以及找工作不易亦為此制度實現之困境。講者末指出，未來修法之方向應朝向完全自由轉換雇主的方式前進、並強化雇主與移工之間的資訊透明度，才能改善目前移工在夾縫中求得自由的困境。 \n若是在工作期間移工面對了勞動契約終止之議題，或可就勞動契約終止之法律規範相對於本國勞工就規範較寬鬆、嚴格或相同之方面探討之。依就服法42條、雇主聘僱外國人許可及管理辦法第45條第2項之規定，講者認為目前勞動法令似乎對於規範存在著寬嚴不同的規定，但仍應朝向切合產業社會實需求，並符合人權精神之方向解釋，而不應以「暫時性」及「補充性」原則來作為給予員工差別待遇之理由。復針對判決予以評析，講者不認同某些法院依就服法第42條裁判，而在移工終止契約爭議上優先解僱移工。最後提出建議：法院應正確認知就服法「本國人優先原則」之性質及適用、法院應適用通常之法理審理移工契約終止之個案並應對移工有更多必要的考量（例如：語言問題）才可削減移工與本國勞工就勞動契約終止議題上之差別待遇。然而，對此在座有法官回應並指出實務上有雙語契約、仲介也提供翻譯等情形。此外，若從政府的角度觀之，為了減少仲介剝削的可能性，政府所推出的移工直接聘僱模式或許是個出路。然講者指出此制度為何很少人願意使用的可能原因有下述四種：因手續相對找仲介繁複而造成雇主的意願低落、因剝奪商機而造成仲介業者的競爭與反對、勞力來源國對於直聘制度的不同回應、面對直聘案件數量下降，政府對於直聘中心應縮編或是仍應擴大的難處。講者更介紹了不同招募途徑的費用來源以及流向，最後呼籲應找出願意直聘的動力，後續才可找出構思與設計更佳的直聘制度。 \n綜上述問題為外籍移工所面對之共同問題，然與其他性質之外籍勞工相比，外籍家事移工因工作性質之不同，又隱身於雇主家中，使其無論是在缺乏勞基法、專法保障或是面對職場性騷擾的保護等層面都更顯得弱勢。目前，由於外籍家事勞工不適用勞基法，除了基本工資保障、工資保護之外，仍會使得這群移工在職災保護、休假等問題上缺乏保障。講者指出，或可因雇主給予家事勞工較低之薪資而依就業歧視法來解決此一爭議，惟是否構成歧視仍有疑義。其原因在於歧視因素不符、歧視動機呈現困難、比較基礎難以尋覓等。而為何外籍家事移工在工資保護之尋求上會遇上多重阻礙，可從外籍家事移工所遭遇的社會文化陰影來解釋。例如，移工受「擬似家人」之概念影響，或勞工對照顧者所衍生出的私人情感而造成勞務工作被去勞動價值化；薪資談判力受限於國與國契約與封閉的工作環境等不利狀態。末有講者指出雖然目前有家事勞動權益保障法的草案或是全面適用勞基法的可能性，然而其對外籍家事移工的保障仍不足，亦無法減少其在特殊職場中的不友善氛圍，故針對外籍家事移工目前所面臨的困境或許最根本的解決方式會是另立專法。針對此一問題，與談人提出依根本性的建議，即長照應全面機構化而非將長照的社會成本轉嫁到個別家庭之上。受照顧之需求程度應分級而給予不同的照顧方式並決定應以何種方式聘請外籍家庭看護工或是送到機構照料，故外籍家庭看護工未來可以不住在雇主家中，將可以減少其不利地位的產生。此外，由於外籍家庭看護工之職場多為雇主家中，若是發生性騷擾案件，則其極有可能面臨場域上及語言上之求助困難，而特殊工作性質也會造成是否構成性騷擾之認定上困難。此時，雇主在家庭看護工職場性騷所扮演的防治角色便更顯得重要。針對外籍家庭看護工職場性騷擾之特殊性，講者分別指出性別平等法（下稱性平法）第13條第2項之適用範圍包含性侵害、性平法第3條第3款之「雇主」之認定過於應擴張至「代表雇主處理有關勞工事務之人」、雇主「知悉」之範圍應擴張至包含「可得知悉之情形」、雇主應積極主動才可認定其為「立即有效之糾正及補救措施」等議題。 \n無論外籍家事移工或是其他種類的移工，當面對勞動權益的侵害時，除了台灣移工團體的協助，移工本身是否有可能，又應如何行使相關集體勞動權來保障其權利值得探討。講者就移工行使團結權進行了台日之比較，又提出我國「外國人工會」之觀察，並給提供工會政策與移工集體勞動權保障之相關思考方向。末指出，我國應建構移工作為工會會員的組織途徑，使移工自身作為工會組成的行動者，並了解其如何組織工會。又應探討如何使移工加入以本國勞工作為主體的工會。若是要建立以移工作為主體的工會，首先要考慮的是，如何使移工參與工會活動的意願舉機會提高，並強化作為工會會員的認識與意識。另外，勞動以外的組織，例如生活資源的連結；對於移工建立如何適應社會生活，解決實際相關生活問題的總體性之架構；使移工能夠有機會建立社群網站，皆為未來移工工會組織發展與工會活動的特殊性與組織策略的一大課題。 \n就宏觀之角度而言，未來國家可否以德國為借鏡，透過移民（移工）的調控來因應我國人口急速老化及少子化問題，亦為本研討會所討論的重點之一。 \n講者指出，就社會學的觀察而言，我國肩負著「外勞外交」與「國族政治認同」的客工制度，又存有「種族化的階級主義」。由於此種在工作期間對於技術移工以及勞力移工的差別待遇，仲介制度在過程中的支配度便大為提升，進而衍生出仲介收取回扣或買工費等問題。就法律學之觀察，客工之平等權、婚姻與家庭團聚等權利亦受到剝奪。復講者更指出德國的政策是如何使得這群人可以自「客工」變成「移民」，盼我國能以德國移民法為借鏡，保障移工，提升其權利。最後，如何藉由移民的調控來回應人口變遷，以屬當務之急，我國應就偏狹的勞力政策、單一聘僱許可制、移工之移民與整合期待以及其婚姻家庭團聚需求來加以反思。 \n最後於與會講者、與談人與來賓熱烈的共同討論與激盪之下，於綜合討論中提出了以下幾點作為未來移工勞權保障政策的建議，內容含蓋了：1. 推動《保護所有移徙工人及其家庭成員權利國際公約》於我國適用。2. 移工全面適用勞基法以取得工作時間與休假之保障，勞工請病假與休養需求、職災醫療需求、勞檢之保障。3. 移工全面適用勞工保險制度、勞工退休金制度（勞工退休金條例）。4. 推動工會參與移工聘僱，經工會審核有無勞資爭議記錄，擴大工會權限，保障移工。5. 重新劃分政府財務體系以規劃長照體系，擴大就業安定基金之適用，課徵企業稅捐。6. 應保障移工身為國民以及勞工兩種身分之保障，應強化憲法與國際公約當中對外國人之保障的適用。7. 應修改讓移工能獲得立即有效之法律協助，社會保險的加入與保險給付的取得、勞資爭議的處理；協助移工就診，初診單應有外文等，減少其生活上的障礙。8. 保障移工家庭，例如其子女之就學，其家人獲得社會保險。9. 移工應有取得永久居留權或國籍之可能。10. 移工應納入國家長照體系…等23項建議。 \n法律學與社會學都是一個與人為本的領域，雖然來賓們立場各有異同，但在這場研討會中可以看到各個專家學者、移工團體、仲介業者以及與會來賓對移工議題從法律、社會、醫療、政策、實務等方面的強烈關懷。這也讓我們得以深刻體悟到到移工們不只是我們印象中那群只會聚集在車站大廳，以及不斷大聲講電話的勞工。事實上，社交網絡及手機是他們在工作之餘得以交流信息，並一解思鄉之愁的重要管道。有別於本國勞工，每個移工背後都可能承受的不僅是沉重的經濟壓力、離鄉背井與家庭、小孩分離的痛苦，更是台灣社會對其的各種不平等待遇所導致的身心剝奪。這是結構性的壓迫、組織運作之不足以及社會整體的欠缺包容性所致，也是有待台灣社會急需共同解決的問題。又當今我國面臨的是急速的人口老化以及少子化的危機，移工的勞力輸入對我國而言已有不可取代的重要性。長照2.0的時代已來臨，市場上的外籍家護工早已是供不應求，如何設計一個完善且具有誘因的移工制度已屬當務之急。透過本次研討會，盼能藉由法與社會的對話，促使政府修訂政策、喚起人們對議題的重視，並以更為包容以及平等的心對待這群—為我國貢獻不僅是勞力更是正值青春年華的飄泊異鄉人。
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/migrant-worker-law-policy-forum/
LOCATION:HA Building II\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Forum
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2019-11-16-poster.jpeg
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DTSTART;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20191017T100000
DTEND;TZID=Asia/Shanghai:20191017T120000
DTSTAMP:20260408T025336
CREATED:20240720T085113Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240729T035252Z
UID:54470-1571306400-1571313600@transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw
SUMMARY:Rada Iveković | Europe and Contemporary Migrations [Report]
DESCRIPTION:Europe is no exception to the contemporary closure of borders to people from the global south and east\, but it is a particularly insidious example of what is going on practically world-wide in the 21st century and within the new world-configuration of powers. Migrations as an ancient human way of being\, but at this time as an epochal and global issue\, now define the 21st century. In a globalized world\, migrations too should be apprehended globally and as a trans-national phenomenon. In the public lecture\, as well as in my mini course at the International Institute for Cultural Studies (ICCS/IICS) of National Chiao Tung University\, I shall raise some philosophical questions regarding the functioning of exception(s)\, immunisation and blind-spots within a given political context\, and some political questions regarding the responsibility of Europe in this state of affairs. Postfascism and the status of tolerance in capitalism should be addressed\, as well as the role of historiography and compared political economy. \nAbout the Speaker\nRada Iveković is a tenured professor at University Jean Monnet – St.Etienn. She taught philosophy at universities in Yugoslavia and France\, and was visiting professor at many other universities around the world and across several continents. Her research interests include feminist theory\, political philosophy\, Asian and western philosophies\, on such topics as the nation\, citizenship\, sex&gender\, migrations etc. \n演講側記 \n陳炯志（文化研究國際中心博士後研究員） \nIveković教授的研究領域包括比較哲學，女性主義理論，以及政治哲學。經歷南斯拉夫內戰而遷移到法國。這次的演講，也同時作為後續一系列課程的第一次。\n歐洲過往從來都沒有移民危機，在這個拒絕好客的過程中，這些遷移者所必然面對的種族歧視、暴力，甚至其他的對待方式。因為殖民歷史的緣故，面對這些人的遷移歐洲必須負起責任。在目前，移民政策已經成為重要問題，但它被政治化的方式與冷戰時期不同。在冷戰時期，逃離共產主義，投向資本主義，是受到西歐世界的歡迎。在當時許多人死於企圖翻越柏林圍牆，還為他們蓋了紀念館。但在今日，有成千上萬的人死於橫越地中海，卻無法知道多數人的確切姓名。遷移人口、民粹主義，以及極右派這三者的發展正相互牽連。儘管國際組織發出善意口號，但實際上是，移民並不在國家政策的考量中，只是任由人們持續地在邊境死去。由於移民到新大陸的可能性現在已經不存在了，因此各國正透過正式和非正式的方式不斷擴大關於限制移民的立法，也可以稱之為移民”戰爭”。而以往援救移民，並透過某種篩選機制，讓一部分人進入歐洲的機制已經轉變。目前的目標只有一個：關閉邊界。僅剩下少數幾個人道主義團體仍在進行援助，並且有好幾位都是女性。或許婦女組織，女權組織，與移民組織的連結，會是一種重要的可能發展。移民在現在有了新的普遍性，它除了是一種(社會)運動，同時也因為他們確實在移動中，他們應該有移動的權利，以及被接納，有權脫離原本的困境，也應該有權居住在任何地方。
URL:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/event/rada-ivekovic/
LOCATION:HA Building III\, University Road No.1001\, Hsinchu City\, Taiwan\, 300\, Taiwan
CATEGORIES:Lecture
ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://transit-asia.chss.nycu.edu.tw/cms/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2019-10-17-poster.jpeg
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